Long-Term Effects of School Size on Students’ Outcomes We estimate the effect of school size on students’ long-term outcomes such as high school completion, being out of the labor market, and earnings at the age of 30. We use rich register data on the entire population of Danish children attending grade 9 in the period 1986-2004. This allows us to compare the results of different fixed effect a...

This paper examines the validity of some stylized statements that can be found in the actuarial literature about random effects models. Specifically, the actual meaning of the estimated parameters and the nature of the residual heterogeneity are discussed. A numerical illustration performed on a Belgian motor third party liability portfolio supports this discussion.

In the standard frailty model the hazard function i s taken to be proportional to an unobserved random effect, specific to the individual. These frailties are the n taken to be independent realisations from a proba bility distribution of assumed form, and they are integrat ed out to form the likelihood function for the obse rved failure time data. In real applications the assumed istrib ution f...

The method proposed for extracting goniospectral information of 3D objects is reformulated in more exact form. Especially the illumination direction is expressed in both azimuthal and elevation angle. It is shown that extending the range of illumination direction to two dimension leads to provide useful model parameters including the surface normal of the object. Experimental results of the dis...

An ontology for representing operating, safety and control procedures is proposed in this paper that supports diagnosis based on following these procedures and combining observed malfunctions with Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) information. The procedure ontology is defined within interconnected components of the process plant, diagnostic analysis (where the FMEA is described) and pro...

Mixed linear models can be used to improve the informational value of milk yield forecasts. For this purpose two different functional approaches for modelling lactation curves are as well compared as three linear mixed models with varying random effects of individual animals and lactation numbers. It can be shown that more complex random regression models fit significantly better than fixed reg...

Why are some places more entrepreneurial than others? We use Census Bureau data to study local determinants of manufacturing startups across cities and industries. Demographics have limited explanatory power. Overall levels of local customers and suppliers are only modestly important, but new entrants seem particularly drawn to areas with many smaller suppliers, as suggested by Chinitz (1961). ...

Many studies have emphasized the incorporation of active learning into classrooms to reinforce didactic lectures for physiology courses. This work aimed to determine if presenting classic papers during didactic lectures improves the learning of physiology among undergraduate students. Twenty-two students of health information technology were randomly divided into the following two groups: 1) di...