Abstract Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and spontaneous shunts (SPSS) may lead to new or worsening hepatic encephalopathy (HE), especially in patients with chronic liver disease. Patients medically refractory HE (rHE) benefit from endovascular interventions. In this review, we briefly describe the post-TIPS SPSS vascular anatomy, pathophysiology, classification, factors as...

Background and Aim: Portosystemic Shunts are vascular anomalies that cause blood from the portal circulation tobypass liver flow into systemic circulation, allowing metabolic byproducts normally removed detoxified by to accumulate in Here we report an interesting case of Portosstemic shunt. Case Report: A 42-year-old male with 4-month history recurrent episodes altered behavior irrelevant talk ...

OBJECTIVES To establish better operational criteria for the diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy. Current criteria for diagnosing Wernicke's encephalopathy require the presence of three clinical signs (oculomotor abnormalities, cerebellar dysfunction, and an altered mental state), although it has often been reported that most patients do not fulfil all these criteria. METHODS The clinical h...

The study presented here was accomplished to assess the course of drug-induced liver diseases in patient's rheumatoid arthritis receiving long-term methotrexate therapy. Diabetes mellitus was revealed as the most significant risk factor. The combination of diabetes mellitus with other risk factors (female sex) resulted in increased hepatic fibrosis, degree of hepatic encephalopathy and reductio...

Spontaneous asymptomatic intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is a rare anomaly of the hepatic vasculature. The main clinical manifestations may be encephalopathy, bleeding or hyperinsulinism, due to constant shedding blood. This article presents case an congenital shunt, found in patient I., aged 25, with results various imaging methods, as well analysis types described vascular anomaly.