Nanoemulsions represent one of the emerging formulations for nutraceutical delivery. However, the possible toxicity associated with the small droplet size (diameter <200 nm) is still unknown. In this study, three nanoemulsions emulsified by modified starch, Tween 20 and whey protein isolate, respectively, were prepared and their cytotoxicity was examined by comparing with the corresponding micr...

BACKGROUND In HIV-infected patients with HCV-related chronic hepatitis, liver impairment and drug toxicity may substantially reduce the number of possible therapeutic options. CASE DESCRIPTION we here describe the case of an HCV-HIV coinfected woman who had repeated severe episodes of drug-related liver toxicity with indinavir, saquinavir, fosamprenavir, and darunavir, with minimal further th...

Giacoppe GN, Degler DA Rapidly evolving adult respiratory distress syndrome with eosinophilia of unknown causse in previously healthy active duty soldiers at an Army training center: report of hvo cases hfil hfed. determined rapidly given the amount of time and effort needed to secure a suitable matched donor In those selected for transplant, 40 to 50% will die while awaiting a suitable donor '...

We investigated the toxicity of the fixed oil of Nigella sativa L seeds in mice and rats through determination of LD50 values and examination of possible biochemical, hematological and histopathological changes. The acute toxicity of Nigella sativa fixed oil was investigated in mice. LD50 values, obtained by single doses, orally and intraperitoneally administered in mice, were 28.8 ml/kg body w...

Cassia occidentalis is an annual shrub found in many countries including India. Although bovines and ovines do not eat it, parts of the plant are used in some traditional herbal medicines. Several animal studies have documented that fresh or dried beans are toxic. Ingestion of large amounts by grazing animals has caused serious illness and death. The toxic effects in large animals, rodents and ...

Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a well-known hepatoprotective herbal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective action of the protein isolate of Phyl-lanthus niruri (P. niruri) against acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity. Protein iso-late of P. niruri was intraperitoneally injected in mice either prior to (preventive) or after the induction of toxicity...

We previously reported that Wistar-Imamichi (WI) rats have a strong resistance to cadmium (Cd)-induced lethality compared to other strains such as Fischer 344 (Fischer) rats. The present study was designed to establish biochemical and histological differences in Cd toxicity in WI and Fischer rats, and to clarify the mechanistic basis of these strain differences. A single Cd (4.5 mg/kg, s.c.) tr...

BACKGROUND Phenytoin, one of the most commonly used antiepileptic drug, is associated with a wide spectrum of adverse drug eruptions. It is metabolized by the hepatic microsomal enzymes. The intermediate metabolites are arene oxides which accumulate due to deficiency of the enzyme epoxide hydrolase. These are postulated to be associated with phenytoin induced hepatotoxicity and antiepileptic hy...

Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a well-known hepatoprotective herbal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective action of the protein isolate of Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri) against acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity. Protein isolate of P. niruri was intraperitoneally injected in mice either prior to (preventive) or after the induction of toxicity (...

A previous report indicated that progesterone pretreatment can markedly reduce cadmium (Cd) toxicity in male NAW mice. Therefore we examined the effects of progesterone pretreatment on Cd toxicity in male Fischer (F344) and Wistar (WF) rats. A single subcutaneous injection of 10 or 30 mumole (CdCl2)/kg proved nonlethal over 24 hr but caused the typical spectrum of testicular lesions in these ra...