Ploidy level is important in biodiversity studies and in developing strategies for isolating important plant genes. Many herbicide-resistant weed species are polyploids, but our understanding of these polyploid weeds is limited. Japanese foxtail, a noxious agricultural grass weed, has evolved herbicide resistance. However, most studies on this weed have ignored the fact that there are multiple ...

A general model of crop yield response to herbicide application is proposed. The model includes three components: the effect of herbicide dosage on weed density, the effect of surviving weed density on crop yield and the effect of herbicide directly on the crop. The model is used to estimate the response of wheat yield to application of diclofop-methyl to control ryegrass .(Lolium rigidum) in A...

Amaranthus tuberculatus is a major weed of crop fields in the midwestern United States. Making this weed particularly problematic to manage is its demonstrated ability to evolve resistance to herbicides. Herbicides to which A. tuberculatus has evolved resistance are photosystem II inhibitors, acetolactate synthase inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, and glyphosate. Many populatio...

BACKGROUND Glyphosate-based herbicides are the most widely used pesticides in agriculture, horticulture, municipalities and private gardens that can potentially contaminate nearby water bodies inhabited by amphibians and algae. Moreover, the development and diversity of these aquatic organisms could also be affected by human-induced climate change that might lead to more periods with extreme te...

measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence is noninvasive, highly sensitive, fast and easy way to give important information about the photosynthetic apparatus. chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and kautsky curves of wild oat and wild mustard sprayed by clodinafop and dicamba+2, 4-d respectively was investigated at two green house experiments. the results indicated significant reduction at trend...

a stable agrobacterium-mediated transformation system was established using bialaphos as the selective agent in soybeans [glycine max (l.) merr.]. the cotyledonary node explants of the soybean cultivar ‘ny-1001’ were inoculated with the agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha105, harboring the vector pcambia3301 containing the gus gene as the reporter gene and the bar gene conferring bialaphos res...

in order to investigate the absorption and translocation of glyphosate and 2,4-d during various stages of growth in swallow-worts weed populations, this study was carried out in 2010 at the iranian agricultural, medical and industerial research institute of atomic energy organization. treatments used in this study included three different stages of growth, four weed ecotypes of swallow-worts, a...

Vegetated filter strips (VFS) potentially reduce the off-site movement of herbicides from adjacent agricultural fields by increasing herbicide mass infiltrated (Minf) and mass adsorbed (Mas) compared with bare field soil. However, there are conflicting reports in the literature concerning the contribution of Mas to the VFS herbicide trapping efficiency (TE). Moreover, no study has evaluated TE ...