Long-lived heterogeneities in the mantle are indicated by Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic systematics. Explanations for these variations have invoked either distinct layers in the earth that are preferentially tapped by some source regions (such as plumes rising from the base of the mantle) or small-scale heterogeneities which are ubiquitously distributed through the mantle and tapped differentially in vario...

UNLABELLED Efficient processing of sensory input is essential to ensure an organism's survival in its natural environment. Growing evidence suggests that sensory neurons can optimally encode natural stimuli by ensuring that their tuning opposes stimulus statistics, such that the resulting neuronal response contains equal power at all frequencies (i.e., is "white"). Such temporal decorrelation o...

Density is the key quantity for nearly all numerous theories of (dynamic) glass transition supercooled liquids and melts. As mean field quantity, it used to describe correlations heterogeneities between regions consisting several molecules. In contrast, question how density created by interactions (i.e., bonds) within a molecule its nearest neighbors almost unexplored. To investigate this examp...