In this paper we study the impact of reference pricing (RP) on entry of generic firms in the pharmaceutical market. For given prices, RP increases generic firms’expected profit, but since RP also stimulates price competition the impact on generic entry is theoretically ambiguous. In order to empirically test the effects of RP, we exploit a policy reform in Norway in 2005 that exposed a subset o...

We established a novel monoclonal antibody, RP/14, that can protect B cells from apoptosis induced by irradiation or dexamethasone. A molecule recognized by RP/14 (the RP antigen) was expressed on B cells with B220bright, IgMdull, and IgDbright. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that RP/14 recognized a monomeric protein with an approximate molecular mass of 105 kD. Stimulation of B cells...

Yeast cells modulate their protein synthesis capacity in response to physiological needs through the transcriptional control of ribosomal protein (RP) genes. Here we demonstrate that the transcription factor Sfp1, previously shown to play a role in the control of cell size, regulates RP gene expression in response to nutrients and stress. Under optimal growth conditions, Sfp1 is localized to th...

Four peroxidase components, named RP-2, 4, 6, and 7, were isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) green leaves. Isoelectric focusing indicated that each preparation was homogeneous. The molecular weights of RP-2, 4, 6, and 7 estimated by SDS-PAGE were 48,000, 48,000, 40,000, and 39,500, and their isoelectric points were 5.4, 8.1, 9.3, and 9.2, respectively. The activity of every preparation was ma...

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive inherited retinal disease characterized by nyctalopia, visual field constriction, and reduced full-field electroretinograms. The progressive loss of photoreceptors leads to vision loss at the end stage of RP. The prevalence of RP is approximately 1/4,000. Since it is one of the major causes of visual impairment worldwide, morphological and functional a...

BACKGROUND Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is associated with other rheumatic or autoimmune disease in about 30% of cases; however, an association with malignancy is rare with the exception of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Observation Herein we report the first case, to our knowledge, of RP following splenic non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and we have reviewed all the previous well-documented repor...