This paper reports the preliminary work on extending the concept of collection in 81/2. 81/2 is a declarative language that allows the functional definition of streams and collections [1, 2]. In this paper, we focus our interest on a high-level programming abstraction which extends the concept of collection in 81/2. The new construct is based on an algebra of index set, called shape, and an ext...

This paper addresses the problem of semantic analysis of paintings by automatic detection of the represented scene type. The solution comes as an incipient effort to fill the gap already stated in the literature between the low level computational analysis and the high level semantic dependent human analysis of paintings. Inspired by the way humans perceive art, we first decompose the image in ...

Background: Emergence Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to quinolone antibiotics due to mutations in gyrA and parC genes created problem for treatment of patients in different hospitals in Iran. The objective of this study was to determine the amino acid substitutions of GyrA and ParC proteins in certain clonal lineages of the K. pneumoniae conferring high level quinolone resistance. Methods: One...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causing nosocomial infection posed a serious therapeutic challenge. We report the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and MIC value of vancomycin of MRSA isolates from Doon valley hospitals, Uttarakhand. Clinical specimens were collected from different hospitals were subjected to MRSA screening using conventional microbiological metho...

Multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRS) is a serious threat to hospitalized patients globally and now represents a challenge for public health, as community-acquired infections appear to be on the increase in both adults and children. S. aureus colonization has been shown to be a risk factor for community-acquired and nosocomial infections. A total of 130 subjects from the community an...

Tetrandrine and fangchinoline were separate in total alkaloids from Stephania tetrandra and the activities against drug-resistant bacteria in-vitro were investigated. Preparative medium pressure liquid chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography were applied to separate and purify tetrandrine and fangchinoline; Agar dilution method was used to test the anti-drug–r...

BACKGROUND Mupirocin is a topical antimicrobial agent which is used for the treatment of skin and postoperative wound infections, and the prevention of nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the prevalence of mupirocin resistance in S. aureus, particularly in MRSA, has increased with the extensive and widespread use of this agent in hospital settings. Thi...

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus has become an enormous problem for health care providers because it is hard to treat and is sometimes called super bug. Early and accurate detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is essential for the treatment of overt infections and the implementation of infection control practices. The phenotypic detection of mecA-mediated resis...

The level of selenium-resistant bacteria in water, algal mats, and sediment from Kesterson reservoir, Calif., a site with known selenium pollution, was compared with that in nearby Volta reservoir, a site with low selenium levels. A high percentage (greater than 50%) of all isolates from the Kesterson samples were resistant to 10 mM selenite. In contrast, only a small percentage of the Volta is...

Background: Salmonella infection (salmonellosis) is a zoonotic bacterial disease. Widespread use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry production for different purposes such as treatment and growth promotion has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella, causing treatment of Salmonella infections more difficult with each passing year. Aims: To determine the antibiotic resistance...