nowadays, energy plays an important role in the economic and community development of country. consequently, performance analysis of energy systems is one of the effective methods being used to prevent waste of energy resources. among the different power generation technologies, steam power plants make a significant contribution to power generation in iran, with a share of 47 % of electricity g...

Steam Turbines are devices used to convert thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy, which may be used to produce Electrical Energy. Steam turbine generator units are being used extensively all over the world for generation of electric power and for co-generation of steam and power. Contact pressure and pretension in bolts-analysis has been made easier in recent years due to the availabil...

Two processes to effect splitting of the water molecule by means of an external heat source are competing for adoption, for the long-term production of hydrogen: high-temperature electrolysis, and splitting the water molecule through a succession of chemical reactions: a thermochemical cycle. Both processes form part of a strategy of voluntary reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions, and of alter...

Semicritical medical devices are defined as items that come into contact with mucous membranes or nonintact skin (eg, gastrointestinal endoscopes). Such medical devices require minimally high-level disinfection. Because many of these items are temperature sensitive, low-temperature chemical methods must be used rather than steam sterilization. Strict adherence to current guidelines is required ...

A 100-L microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) was operated for a 12-month period fed on raw domestic wastewater at temperatures ranging from 1°C to 22°C, producing an average of 0.6 L/day of hydrogen. Gas production was continuous though decreased with time. An average 48.7% of the electrical energy input was recovered, with a Coulombic efficiency of 41.2%. COD removal was inconsistent and below th...

A review of the literature and discussions with plant operators has been undertaken to establish present knowledge and understanding of the chemistry of the condensates formed on steam turbines and the link to system operation. This has been supplemented by an overview of the effect of test variables on environment assisted cracking. In Section 1, steam turbine operating conditions are describe...

The microstructure and microchemistry of the oxide scales formed on Fe-21Cr-32Ni Fe-17Cr-9Ni steels after exposure to deaerated high-temperature high-pressure steam at 600 °C for 1500 h have been analysed compared by several advanced characterization techniques. By comparing different-stages exposure, it is shown that steel was internally oxidized early-stage, then an external scale developed t...