steam reforming is one of the most important processes for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels such as lpg and has attracted much attention due to its high efficiency and economy. in this study, the lpg steam reforming reaction was investigated on nickel catalysts supported on four various zeolites (h-y, na-y, hzsm5 and ferrierite). the catalytic tests were performed in a tubular fixed be...

An environmentally friendly, green, and highly efficient process for the synthesis of biologically and pharmacologically  4H-benzo[b]pyrans  and  3,4-dihydropyrano [c] chromenes  is  developed  by condensing cyclic aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and dimedone or 4‐hydroxycoumarin in the presence  of  lactic  acid  as  an  efficient  and  green  catalyst.  The corresponding  products  have  b...

Bagasse as a real biomass was converted to hydrogen rich gas via catalytic supercritical water gasification process. To find the effect of Cu on selectivity of products, Cu promoted Ni-γAl2O3 catalysts were prepared with 1 to 20wt% Ni and 0.5 to 10wt% Cu loadings via impregnation method. Catalysts were characterized by ICP, BET, XRD, H2 chemisorption and TEM technique as well CHNS analysis was ...

Enhancement in the production of high purity hydrogen (H2) from synthesis gas, obtained by coal gasification, is limited by the thermodynamics of the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR). However, this constraint can be overcome by concurrent WGSR and carbonation (of calcium oxide) reaction to enhance H2 production. The carbonation of calcium oxide forming calcium carbonate incessantly drives the eq...

Biogas technology has been used quite extensively to generate renewable energy from organic wastes while also recycling nutrients in the wastes and reducing harmful emissions. However, the challenges of low biogas yield from recalcitrant and inhibitory solid wastes together with high construction and operation costs of bioreactors have impeded optimal performance through this process. Additiona...

BACKGROUND Oil palm trunk (OPT) is a valuable bioresource for the biorefinery industry producing biofuels and biochemicals. It has the distinct feature of containing a large amount of starch, which, unlike cellulose, can be easily solubilized by water when heated and hydrolyzed to glucose by amylolytic enzymes without pretreatment for breaking down the biomass recalcitrance. Therefore, it is su...

As the CMOS technology scales down to nanometer regime the process variations have profound effect on circuit attributes. Meeting timing and power constraints under such process variations in nano−CMOS circuit design is becoming increasingly difficult. A shifting from worstcase based analysis and optimization to statistical or probability based analysis and optimization at every level of circui...

a four-year field experiment was conducted to understand the characters of nutrient accumulation and distribution in maize under different yield levels, so as to provide scientific guidance for effective utilization of mineral fertilizers, and eventually for high yield of spring maize. the grain yield, nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) accumulation and uptake efficiency were evaluated...