BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the mental health needs of trafficked people is limited; however, prevalence of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder is high among trafficked people who are in contact with shelter services. We aimed to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of trafficked people with severe mental illness. METHODS We did a historical cohort study o...

BACKGROUND In Brazil, case-fatality rates attributable to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are high and knowledge of the risk factors associated with death may help reduce mortality. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a scoring system for prognosis of death from VL by using all cases reported in Brazil from 2007 to 2011. METHODOLOGY In this historical cohort study, 18,501 VL cases...

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the influence of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) on the induction of labor. Material and Method This historical cohort study analyzed 1861 inductions of labor at term using misoprostol which occurred between 2010 and 2015. Exclusion criteria included intrauterine fetal death, previous cesarean section, and fetal structural or chromosomal ano...

OBJECTIVE To estimate risks of fracture at any site, and at sites linked with osteoporosis, in mentally ill adults compared with the general population. METHOD We created a community-based cohort by using the U.K. General Practice Research Database, with follow-up from January 1987 through April 2005. We investigated age- and sex-specific fracture risks in psychotic illness(N = 4283), nonpsyc...

OBJECTIVE To establish which factors predict attendance at a hospital diabetes clinic and for diabetes review in general practice. DESIGN A historical cohort study of individuals with diabetes identified from general practice records. Information on service contacts and other clinical, social, and demographic variables was collected from general practice records and postal questionnaires. S...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess recent trends in health resource utilisation and patient outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries with chronic liver disease (CLD). SETTING Liver-related mortality is the 10th leading cause of death in the USA, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are the major causes of CLD. As the US population ages and beco...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare second-trimester transvaginal cervical cerclage with conservative management on duration of pregnancy and perinatal outcome in patients with early or advanced cervical changes. STUDY DESIGN A historical cohort analysis was performed. Maternal and neonatal records between 1995 and 1999 were retrospectively reviewed for women presenting between...

BACKGROUND Controlled hypoventilation while accepting hypercapnia has been advocated to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury. The aim of the study was to analyze outcomes of a cohort of immunocompromised children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ventilated with a strategy of stepwise increasing PCO2 targets up to 140 mm Hg. METHODS Retrospective analysis of outcomes of a cohor...

BACKGROUND Referral for fetal echocardiography (fECHO) is an acute stressor that may induce significant maternal anxiety. To promote good clinical management of expectant mothers in this situation, including adequate screening for possible psychiatric interventions, data are needed regarding the psychosocial functioning of women scheduled for fECHO procedures. OBJECTIVE To investigate the ass...