5 Ronald Dijkman, Maarten F. Jebbink, Sylvie M. Koekkoek, Martin Deijs, Hulda R. Jónsdóttir, Richard 6 Molenkamp, Margareta Ieven, Herman Goossens, Volker Thiel and Lia van der Hoek 7 8 1 Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland 9 2 Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and 10 Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Acade...

: The present study aimed to determine both the effects of monocultures rainbow trout (R) and brown (B) polycultures (R 75%-B 25%; R 66%-B 34% 50%-B 50%) on behavior. In study, area used vertically by fish in tank, mobility rate tendency eating as soon they were fed, whether test feed, interspecies feed competition, time start take first duration consumption have been considered behavioral eval...

We analyzed the synchronous relationship between forest cover and species distribution to explain the contraction in the distribution range of the brown eared-pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) in China. Historical resources can provide effective records for reconstructing long-term distribution dynamics. The brown eared-pheasant's historical distribution from 25 to 1947 CE, which included th...

feijoa as a fruit crop and ornamental tree is cultivated in the subtropics and warm temperate areas of the world including brazil, united states, new zealand and japan. a new disease with brown rot symptom on fruit occurred in feijoa orchards of northern iran in which it has become popular as a fruit crop. the objective of the present study was isolation and identification of the causal pathoge...

Papuloerythroderma, described by Ofuji in 1984, is characterized by the occurrence of polygonal, erythematous-brown papules, covering the entire skin surface, except skin folds; these changes are accompanied by pruritus and eosinophilia. We report a case of a 41-year-old female patient with melanoerythroderma that has been intensifying since August 2010. The patient's personal and family histor...

Michael P. O’Connell, Jennifer L. Fiori, Emily K. Kershner, Brittany P. Frank, Fred E. Indig, Dennis D. Taub, Keith S. Hoek, and Ashani T. Weeraratna From the Laboratory of Immunology, the Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, the Confocal Imaging Unit, Research Resources Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 and the Department of Dermatology, U...

To the editor: We thank Wim van der Hoek and colleagues for their interest in our work [1] and for sharing the preliminary data on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) for the 2012/13 season in the Netherlands. When we wrote our article, we emphasised that the findings were based on analysis of data from elderly people mainly admitted to hospital. We cannot make any inference as regards VE amon...

Usually a default rule A : B/C is intended to mean that if A holds in a state of affairs a B is consistent, then C follows by default. However, C is not a necessary conclusion: different states of affairs are possible (conceivable). According to this view, Meyer and van der Hoek [MvH92] developed a multimodal logic, called S5P(n), for treating non-monotonic reasoning in a monotonic setting. In ...

This paper describes a possible extension to the logical framework KARO to make it able to handle multiple agents. The KARO framework, which was initially developed by van der Hoek, van Linder and Meyer, makes use of epistemic and dynamic logics to express rational agents. These agents are capable of reasoning about their own actions and, somewhat limited, about the actions of other agents. Thi...