This study was initiated due to the observation of increasing and rather high levels of stillbirths, especially in first-calving Swedish Holstein cows (10.3%, 2002). Seventy-six Swedish Holstein calves born to heifers at 41 different farms were post mortem examined in order to investigate possible reasons for stillbirth and at what time in relation to full-term gestation they had occurred. The ...

Farm animals have been suggested to play an important role in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in the community. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with C. difficile dissemination in family dairy farms, which are the most common farming model in the European Union. Environmental samples and fecal samples from cows and calves were collected...

Faecal samples were collected from seventy-eight diarrhoeic cow and buffalo calves between November 1998 and February 1999 to study the genomic diversity and prevalence of Rotavirus infection by ribonucleic acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (RNA-PAGE) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the organised dairy farm (where daily production and health records were maintained), the...

Starch (SS) and fermented fiber (FFS), as energy sources were included in Holstein bull calf diets to evaluate their growth performance, rumen fermentation pattern and concentration of insulin and selected blood metabolites. Fourteen Holstein bull calves (BW=94.5±2.1 kg; age 87±9 d) were allocated to treatments (n=7 calves per treatment) and the study lasted 10 weeks. The diets were based on ba...

Abstract Previous research demonstrated the growth promoting benefits of an essential oil/oligosaccharide blend (EO; Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc.) or encapsulated sodium butyrate (C4; Ultramix GF, Adisseo, fed to neonatal calves. The possibility exists technologies are additive based on individual mechanisms action. objective was evaluate EO and C4 alone combined when Holstein heifer calves raised ...

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate effects of increased milk replacer feeding on growth, intake, feed efficiency, and health parameters in stressed calves. Holstein bull calves (n = 120; approximately 3 to 8 d of age) were purchased from sale barns and dairy farms and housed in fiberglass hutches. In addition, wood shavings contaminated with coronavirus were mixed with clean shavin...

abstract background: sp-a and sp-d are hydrophilic proteins which regulate the inflammatory response of the lung. pasteurella multocida is one of the most common bacteria isolated from calves suffering from shipping fever pneumonia, one of the most problems in dairy herds. objective: evaluation of surfactant content may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for detection of calf pneumonia due to p...

A related Holstein breed has recently been used to improve domestic dairy cattle and create highly productive herds by purchasing semen from breeding bulls, as well a large number of heifers calves foreign breeding. The purpose the work is comparative assessment qualities Black Pied cows Purebred differ animals in milk yield per lactation 1064 kg or 15.2% (P≤0.01, favor cows). In terms quality ...