47,XXY, also known as Klinefelter syndrome, is the most commonly occurring sex chromosomal aneuploidy (SCA). Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) has been associated with improved neurodevelopmental capabilities in boys although studies investigating HRT’s possible positive effect on behavioral outcomes are scarce. This study explores association between and HRT ages 7–12. Patients were divided i...

The majority of epileptic disorders are not self-limiting over time, and therefore require a long-lasting and often even lifelong antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment. In women with epilepsy the influence of their disease on the possibility and course of pregnancies, as well as the potential impact of the AED treatment on mother and child, are crucial questions. This review addresses the clinical...

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to determine whether use of hormonal contraceptives is associated with cervical dysplasia and cancer in a population where there is widespread use of hormonal contraception and the rates of cervical cancer remain high at 27.5/100,000. METHODS A case-control study was conducted among women visiting the colposcopy and gynaelogical clinics at a tertiary referr...

O’Brien et al. (1) must be commended for evaluating the risk of thromboembolism among women with type 1 or 2 diabetes using hormonal contraception. Indeed, their study is robust and the drug safety issue too frequently overlooked. However, their conclusion that “the absolute risk of thromboembolism among women with type 1 or 2 diabetes using hormonal contraception is low” deserves comment as am...

Barrier methods such as condoms and diaphragms are the most commonly used forms of birth control among HIV positive women. Sterilization is the second most popular method and hormonal contraception is the third Hormonal contraceptives, when used correctly and consistently, are highly effective in preventing unintended pregnancy and are also useful for treating health conditions such as painful ...

Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 2004: 30(3) Background It is estimated that 69% of women initiate breastfeeding in the UK.1 The number breastfeeding then falls and by 6 months postpartum only 21% of women continue.1 Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months or more is promoted worldwide to achieve optimal infant and maternal health.2 In the UK it is difficult to ascertain the...

Punicagranatum cv. Malassaveh is one of the most desirable commercial cultivars in Iran. In thisstudy some experiments were conducted to introduce the best hormonal treatments for directadventitious shoot regeneration from mentioned cultivar via cotyledonary explants. For thispurpose, both liquid and agarMurashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium supplemented with BAat 2, 4.5, 9, 13 μM alone and in...

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine whether early initiation of combined hormonal contraception under direct clinical observation following successful medical abortion increases continuation rates with the method compared to traditional "Sunday start." STUDY DESIGN Women enrolled in a multicenter medical abortion trial with mifepristone and misoprostol who requested combined hormo...

The development of male hormonal contraception has progressed significantly during the last three decades. The ultimate goal is to produce an effective, safe and reversible male method of contraception that are within reach of and can be used by all men globally. This review aims to outline the recent developments in male hormonal contraception with special emphasis on how ethnicity influences ...