OBJECTIVE To assess whether recent epidemiologic evidence supports an association between use of estrogen replacement therapy or hormone replacement therapy and risk of breast cancer. DATA SOURCES The keywords "estrogen," "estrogen replacement therapy," or "hormone replacement therapy," and "breast cancer" or "breast neoplasm," were used to search for articles published from 1975-2000 in MEDL...

Relapsing ovarian granulosa-cell tumor (GCT) is a challenge for physicians due to the lack of effective therapy. Current strategies did not improve 80% death rate recurrent disease. GCTs synthesize estrogens and express follicle-stimulating hormone, gonadotropin-releasing estrogen progesterone receptors. The FOXL2-C134W mutation shared in all GCTs, its downregulation hormone-related apoptosis a...