The construction of electric vehicle charging station plays an important role in the development of electric vehicles and the promotion of the renewable resource. In the paper, a model to analyze the economic benefit of the charging station is presented, which is based on the break-even theory. Then the threshold price is calculated based on the model according to the construction plans of char...

As a necessary infrastructure for new energy vehicles (NEV), charging piles have become hot topic of social concern. Studying the innovation efficiency pile companies can help to solve development dilemma industry. This paper uses generalized fuzzy data envelopment analysis (DEA) method based on game theory study 23 Chinese listed manufacturing companies’ from 2019 2021. On this basis, 15 techn...

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) are gaining increasing popularity in recent years, due to the growing societal awareness of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the dependence on foreign oil or petroleum. Large-scale implementation of PEVs in the power system currently faces many challenges. One particular concern is that the PEV charging can potentially cause significant impact on the e...

In this work, an online charging model is presented based on the IMS policy control and charging (PCC) framework, which takes into consideration user’s agreements with the service provider (e.g., user loyalty programme, service subscription, etc.), with the possibility of providing online charging for services requiring a negotiable QoS in dynamically changing network conditions. The model aims...

Modern charging systems use user, network, and service related information when performing online charging. Compared, however, to the overall information available and used in network management processes as a whole, charging systems only use a limited subset. This work is motivated by the challenge to identify which information is used, and how it is used in online charging related processes, ...

Quantized double layer (QDL) charging of a Au130(SR)50 nanomolecule is reported for the first time. In the past, QDL charging was known only for Au144(SR)60 and Au225(SR)75 nanomolecules, which intrigued much research in this field. Here, using differential pulse voltammetry, we demonstrate that Au130 shows QDL charging. Furthermore, 13 different oxidation-reduction waves corresponding to singl...

Monte Carlo simulations of pattern-dependent charging during interlevel dielectric ~ILD! deposition in high-density plasmas reveal that the initial conformality of the ILD film plays a crucial role in metal line charging up and the subsequent degradation to the buried gate oxide to which the metal line is connected. Line charging occurs when the top dielectric is thick enough to prevent tunneli...

The pulse-based charging method for battery cells has been recognized as a fast and efficient way to overcome the shortcoming of a slow charging time in distributed battery cells, which is regarded as a connection of cells such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The pulse frequency for controlling the battery charge duration is dynamically controlled within a certain range in order to inject the ...

It has been recognized that an increased penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) may potentially alter load profile in a distribution network. As EVs are regarded as a diversely distributed load so a deterministic method, to predict EV charging load, may not account for all possible factors that could affect the power system. Thus, a stochastic approach is applied that takes into account various...

We present a coordination mechanism for variable-rate electric vehicle (EV) charging that combines the benefits of a decentralized decision making approach with a top-down control mechanism based on price functions. This combination allows independent decisions by self-interested EV agents, while ensuring that aggregate power demand from EV charging converges to a desired profile as determined ...