INTRODUCTION Hospital based delivery has been an expensive experience for poor households because of hidden costs which are usually unaccounted in hospital costs. The main aim of this study was to estimate the hidden costs of hospital based delivery and determine the factors associated with the hidden costs. METHODS A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 post-partum mo...

BACKGROUND Bangladesh has committed to universal health coverage, and options to decrease household out-of-pocket expenditure (OPE) are being explored. Understanding the determinants of OPE is an essential step. This study aimed to estimate and identify determinants of OPE in seeking health care for sick under-five children. METHODS Cross-sectional data was collected by structured questionnai...

The Textile Museum & The International Hajji Baba Club Washington D.C. June 19, 2004 Introduction Handmade carpet production in Iran goes back to the history, of which is not the subject of this short paper and presentation. Carpet production and in general carpet culture especially in rural areas is combined and mixed with every-day life of many people. In rural places, almost all the women...

NGN(Next-Generation Network) structure has been considered from various points of view as all IP wire/wireless integration network, based on all optical backbone network in general. In this research, the mid-term and long-term strategies of view on NGN were explained, as well as wire/wireless network integration, trends of standardization protocols, access gateways and softswitches in NGN deplo...

a theoretical study of the kinetics and mechanism of second-order intermolecular c.) cloadd it ion of 2-ethyny1-2,3-dihydrofurane and phenyl azide was performed using dft method at 101.111 le) cl of theory with 6-31 preg(d,p) basis set at 298.15k. equilibrium molecular geometries and harmonic ) ihrational frequencies ofthe reactants, transition state, and product were calculated. the kinetic an...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the expenditure on dental care of Mexican households, analyze their trends, and determine the factors associated with the decision to spend and the amount of money spent in 2000, 2002, and 2004. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using the National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure for 2000, 2002, and 2004, the national dental health care expenditure was calculated. To facili...