Computational modelling methods have been used to predict the risks from lead in drinking water across a simulated supply zone, for a range of plumbosolvency conditions and a range of extents of occurrence of houses having a lead pipe, on the basis of five risk benchmarking methods. For the worst case modelled (very high plumbosolvency and 90% houses with a lead pipe) the percentage of houses a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To present the results of occupational radiation doses investigated through a Hospitals of Mazandaran Medical Science Universities in north of Iran. Radiology unit has an important role in diagnosis of many disorders with providing suitable and high quality pictures. A good picture was provided using correct technical criteria and suitable circumstance of patient. Finally...

BACKGROUND Obesity is an unpleasant outcome of changes in the behavior and lifestyle, and it leads to premature inability and loss of job in most cases. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of obesity and overweight conditions and some related factors among the adults in Mazandaran Province, Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010. The data collection tool was...

BACKGROUND To determine age-specific seroprevalence rates of hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody in Savadkuh district, Mazandaran province, north of Iran, as well as to compare the collected data with earlier seroprevalence studies in the region and Iran in order to draw a proper epidemiological pattern for HAV infection in the country. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess...

BACKGROUND The most efficient application of ionizing radiation is serving medical purposes and using this radiation has caused people to learn that artificial sources of radiation exposure among these resources can be of highest exposure rate. OBIECTIVE The present study is aimed at initially establishing a baseline for local-reference dose level in Mazandaran, Iran in 12 projections of the ...

The building code for radon prevention and the associated practical guidelines were revised in Finland in 2003-2004. Thereafter, preventive measures have become more common and effective and indoor radon concentrations have been markedly reduced. In this study, the indoor radon concentration was measured in 1500 new low-rise residential houses. The houses were randomly selected and represented ...

BACKGROUND Knowledge about the amphistomid fauna in Iranian domestic ruminants depends on the studies conducted almost 30 years ago. The last situation in cattle is introduced here in the provinces in south coast of Caspian Sea. METHODS Amphistomid species were collected from cattle at slaughter houses of the provinces Gilan and Mazanderan in 2010. Median sagittal sections were prepared by th...

The pig husbandry is an important economic sector. In the last decade, major changes have been made. As a result, farmers came together to introduce the ‘Eco Label pig’, meeting the strong consumer and governmental call for high quality, animal friendly and environmentally friendly food. The market for Eco Label food is expected to grow enormously in the next years, asking for the development o...

BACKGROUND Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are important pathogens of worldwide distribution. N. caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle and dogs are main reservoirs because they excrete the environmentally resistant oocysts. Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis and dogs are considered as sentinels for this parasite because of their close contact with people and cats; additionall...

The purpose of this paper is to supply a narrative review of the concepts, history, functions, methods, development and theoretical bases for the use of halfway houses for patients with mental disorders, and their correlations, for the net construction of chemical dependence model. This theme, in spite of its relevance, is still infrequently explored in the national literature. The authors repo...