We have used an ab initio SCF molecular orbital approach in conjunction with the isodesmic reaction procedure to investigate anomalous energy effects in strained aza systems and some of their nitro derivatives. The introduction of nitrogens into strained molecular frameworks is found to confer added degrees of stability. In general this increases with the number of nitrogens in a series of simi...

Microorganims of the bovine rumen fluid biocatalyzed the reduction of nitro-compound substrates to yield the respective amines. This enzymatic process, using ruminal contents, has rarely been reported in association with the bioreduction of nitro groups. The biotransformation reactions catalyzed by this system were dependent of both the electronic characteristics and the area/volume of the nitr...

Extending the notion of inheritable genotype in genetic programming (GP) from the common model of DNA into chromatin (DNA and histones), we propose an approach of embedding in GP an explicitly controlled gene expression via modification of histones. Proposed double-cell representation of individuals features somatic cell and germ cell, both represented by their respective chromatin structures. ...

Intense global competition in the tourism industry forces destinations to develop strong, unique and competitive destination brands. This is not an easy task since the sector is extremely fragmented and many images are beyond their control. This working paper explores the concept of destination brand communities which provides a platform for facilitating connectivity, trust building and decisio...

Do scientists follow hot topics in their scientific investigations? In this paper, by performing analysis to papers published in the American Physical Society (APS) Physical Review journals, it is found that papers are more likely to be attracted by hot fields, where the hotness of a field is measured by the number of papers belonging to the field. This indicates that scientists generally do fo...

A foveal target increases catch-up saccade frequency during smooth pursuit 1 2 Stephen J. Heinen, Elena Potapchuk, Scott N. J. Watamaniuk 3 4 Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA 5 Department of Psychology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 05435, USA 6 7 Running head: Foveal pursuit targets increase catch-up saccade frequency 8 9 Corresponding author: Steph...