harvesting corn created annually a large amount of organic waste, which could be a suitable initial substrate for vermicomposting due to its high c/n ratio. the present study was aimed for recycling of corn residues and production of good quality vermicompost, after processing by eisenia fetida. the setup of experiments was conducted with 40, 60 and 80% of corn residue, compost, cow dung and pa...

deterioration of concrete structures in the gulf region is a serious problem. penetration of chloride ion into concrete is responsible for such early deterioration. determination of chloride diffusion coefficient is an effective way to predict the service life of concrete structures. in order to investigate the performance of concrete mixtures in such environments, ordinary and silica fume conc...

Soils are arguably the most microbially diverse ecosystems. Physicochemical properties have been associated with the maintenance of this diversity. Yet, the role of microbial substrate specialization is largely unexplored since substrate utilization studies have focused on simple substrates, not the complex mixtures representative of the soil environment. Here we examine the exometabolite compo...

UV-absorbing chemicals (UV filters) are widely used for protection against UV radiation in sunscreens and in a variety of cosmetic products and materials. Depending on the breadth and factor of UV protection, they are added as single compounds or as a combination thereof. Some UV filters have estrogenic activity, but their activity and interactions in mixtures are largely unknown. In this work,...

Air in indoor and outdoor environments typically contains many gaseous and particulate pollutants that may affect adversely any individual at sufficiently high concentrations and more sensitive individuals at lower concentrations. The public health relevance of addressing the effects of mixtures is becoming increasingly evident as we improve the concept of total personal exposure to pollution a...

In the course of daily activities, individuals spend varying amounts of time in different spaces where they are exposed to a complex mixture of gas, vapor, and particulate contaminants. The term complex is used in this paper to refer to binary mixtures as well as truly complex mixtures of three or more constituents. The diversity of the environments where pollution may occur, the number of poll...

Background The binding of two biological targets with a single IgGbased molecule is thought to be beneficial for clinical efficacy. However the technological challenges for the development of a bispecific platform are numerous. While correct pairing of heterologous heavy and light chains (Hc and Lc) can be achieved by engineering native IgG scaffolds, crucial properties such as thermostability,...