We investigated how subjects sample information in order to improve performance in a visuomotor estimation task. Subjects were rewarded for touching a hidden circular target based on visual cues to the target’s location. The cues were 'dots' drawn from a Gaussian distribution centered on the middle of the target. Subjects could sample as many cues as they wished, but the potential reward for hi...

Raven’s Progressive Matrices (Raven, Raven, & Court, 1998) is one of the most prevalent assays of fluid intelligence; however, most theoretical accounts of Raven’s focus on producing models which can generate the correct answer but do not fit human performance data. We provide a computational-level theory which interprets rule induction in Raven’s as Bayesian inference. The model computes the p...

This report investigates the eeect of low frame rate on human performance in a desktop virtual environment. This is done using an objective measure of users' ability to perform a simple heading task at various frame rates (2.3{14.2 Hz). Two principal experiments are presented. The rst experiment shows that for a drop in frame rate from 11.5 Hz to 2.3 Hz, users' accuracy and time to complete the...

We propose an efficient method to conduct phrase alignment on parse forests for paraphrase detection. Unlike previous studies, our method identifies syntactic paraphrases under linguistically motivated grammar. In addition, it allows phrases to non-compositionally align to handle paraphrases with non-homographic phrase correspondences. A dataset that provides gold parse trees and their phrase a...

From a quick glance or the touch of an object, our brains map sensory signals to scenes composed of rich and detailed shapes and surfaces. Unlike the standard approaches to perception, we argue that this mapping draws on internal causal and compositional models of the physical world and these internal models underlie the generalization capacity of human perception. Here, we present a generative...

The primary aim of the research presented in this paper is developing a method for assessing the visual demand (distraction) afforded by in-vehicle information systems (IVIS). In this respect, two alternative methods are considered within the research. The occlusion technique evaluates IVIS tasks in interrupted vision conditions, predicting likely visual demand. However, the technique necessita...

In a continuously changing environment, like globalization, technological innovation, restructuring and outsourcing, organizations can no longer cope without continually developing their competencies and human resources. As a result academic research and company practices have actively started to develop decision making models in operation and practices to meet toughening competence demands tha...

Humans both operators and managers contribute significantly to functional risk. Thus, even when risk analyses that omit human factors are good predictors of equipment failure, they are likely to be poor predictors of accidents. Engineering risk analysts could benefit from learning about and applying human reliability assessment methods, and risk analyses could benefit from addressing the risks ...

Recent years have seen steady improvements in the quality and performance of speech-based human-machine interaction driven by a significant convergence in the methods and techniques employed. However, the quantity of training data required to improve state-of-the-art systems seems to be growing exponentially, yet performance appears to be reaching an asymptote that is not only well short of hum...