An annular shear cell has been used to investigate a number of factors known to influence stick-slip motion in an assembly of near monosized, spherical glass beads. In this paper, both the sample shear stress and volumetric strain were recorded, allowing new insights into the possible mechanics of stick-slip motion in a granular body. Rather than the commonly presented mechanism of sample dilat...

Food consumption and utilization is influenced by various biotic and abiotic factors. Under different environmental, feeding, and nutritional conditions, and with ingestion of the same amount of mulberry leaves, the silkworm shows significant difference in its ability to digest, absorb, and convert food to body matter. Here, influences of season, temperature, and humidity on food intake, assimi...

Purpose To determine the combined effect of hypohydration and heat stress on pacing pattern and performance during a 40-km cycling time trial. Methods 13 Male cyclists performed 40-km cycling time trials in 25.3 ± 0.3°C and 35.3 ± 0.2°C in a euhydrated (EU25, EU35), and hypohydrated (HYPO25, HYPO35) state. Relative humidity was 55 ± 3% and air velocity was 7 m·s-1. Hypohydration was induced bef...

Acute heat stress (HS) negatively affects intestinal integrity and barrier function. In contrast, chronic mild HS poses a distinct challenge to animals. Therefore, this study integrates biochemical, histological and proteomic approaches to investigate the effects of chronic HS on the intestine in finishing pigs. Castrated male crossbreeds (79.00 ± 1.50 kg BW) were subjected to either thermal ne...

Cattle produced in open feedlots are vulnerable to a variety of weather events; under certain conditions heat events can be especially detrimental. Shade structures are often considered as one method of reducing cattle stress. A summer study was conducted during 2007 using instrumented shade structures in conjunction with meteorological measurements to estimate relative effectiveness of various...

Irrigation has an important role during endodontic treatment. We are proposing a sequence for the different irrigating agents in order to achieve the best chemical preparation possible. During the last several years endodontics has progressed to the point for treatment to be less traumatic for the patient and less stressful for the dentist. However, if the use of nickel titanium rotary instrume...

AIM To investigate the effect of temperature-humidity index (THI) on the expression pattern of heat-shock protein 72 (HSP72) mRNA of Sahiwal and Karan-Fries (KF) cattle in different THIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five different periods of a year were selected based on combinations of Tmax/Tmin, viz., P1: <20°C/<10°C; P2: >20°C/<10°C, P3: <30°C/<15°C; P4: >35°C/<20°C, and P5: >35°C/>20°C. The THI...

The present study aimed to investigate the applicability of Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) as an innovative and science-based index in public health researches, in occupational heat stress assessment. All indoor and outdoor workers (200 people) of Brick industries of Shahroud, Iran participated in the research. First, the environmental variables such as air temperature, wet-bulb tempera...