Durable, location independent, environmental-friendly sources of energy which allow for modular, few moving parts, low operating noise, high electricity generation efficiency and compact technology are highly desirable. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are promising for such energy system development, since they are energy efficient and, if pure hydrogen is used, have virtually no emissions of gre...

BACKGROUND Enteric fermentation by farmed ruminant animals is a major source of methane and constitutes the second largest anthropogenic contributor to global warming. Reducing methane emissions from ruminants is needed to ensure sustainable animal production in the future. Methane yield varies naturally in sheep and is a heritable trait that can be used to select animals that yield less methan...

Microalgae are simple chlorophyll containing organisms, they have high photosynthetic efficiency and can synthesize and accumulate large quantities of carbohydrate biomass. They can be cultivated in fresh water, seawater and wastewater. They have been used as feedstock for producing biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas. The production of these biofuels can be integrated with CO2 mitigation, wastewa...

Objectives • Develop realistic and internally consistent detailed designs for automotive gasoline fuel processor/ proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems and direct hydrogen PEM fuel cell systems by using current-year technology. • Apply Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) design and costing techniques to compare system designs at low, medium, and high annual production rates. •...

sulfide production has been one of the most important problems in sewage collection systems that came to be known as an important factor of corrosion in concrete sewerage systems since early 1900. the emission of hydrogen sulfide gas in sewerage conduits creates problems including biological corrosion of concrete, release of repulsive odors in the city environment, as well as the potential dang...

BACKGROUND Biological hydrogen production from lignocellulosic biomass shows great potential as a promising alternative to conventional hydrogen production methods, such as electrolysis of water and coal gasification. Currently, most researches on biohydrogen production from lignocellulose concentrate on consolidated bioprocessing, which has the advantages of simpler operation and lower cost ov...

Since the actual role of Escherichia coli hydrogenases on fermentation from glycerol has not been clear, we evaluated the effect of inactivation of each E. coli hydrogenase on cell growth, hydrogen production, organic acids production, and ethanol production. Inactivation of hydrogenase 2 and hydrogenase 3 reduced cell growth, hydrogen and succinate production as well as glycerol utilization wh...

In recent years, lots of research has been done on effective usage of natural gas; the first step in these processes is conversion of natural gas to Syngas. Natural gas reforming process by refomer furnace is commonly used for syngas and hydrogen production. In this paper, a windows based software, RIPI-RefSim, is introduced. By using proper heat, mass, kinetic and thermodynamic models as w...

Hydrogen gas is thought to be the ideal fuel for a world in which air pollution has been alleviated, global warming has been arrested, and the environment has been protected in an economically sustainable manner. Hydrogen and electricity could team to provide attractive options in transportation and power generation. Interconversion between these two forms of energy suggests on-site utilization...