natural ecosystems provide many goods and services for human beings via their multiple functionalities. one of these important functions is the role of natural ecosystems in regulation of hydrologic cycle and increasing the infiltarion and retention of water in soil context and preventing from water runoff which may cause in unfavorable consequences like soil erosion and flooding. quantificatio...

nowadays protecting land cover, quality and quantity of water resources are important. surface runoff is one of most important reasons of soil erosion which causes sediment in reservoirs and reduction of land’s fertility and also quality reduction water of rivers. so the main issue is exact prediction of basin runoff to raining events. the hydrologic models are simplified models of real hydrolo...

Use of soil water and groundwater by open-grown Acer saccharum Marsh. (sugar maple) tree canopies and forests was estimated by measuring transpiration (E) rates using porometry, sap flow methods, and the Bowen ratio method. The Bowen ratio and sap flow methods showed the best agreement; porometer measurements scaled to whole canopies always underestimated E by 15-50%. Trees of different sizes s...

[1] Application of time domain reflectometry (TDR) in soil hydrology often involves the conversion of TDR-measured dielectric permittivity to water content using universal calibration equations (empirical or physically based). Deviations of soil-specific calibrations from the universal calibrations have been noted and are usually attributed to peculiar composition of soil constituents, such as ...

Large-area hydrologic modelling can play an important role in policy planning related to water and land management issues. Models are often required to assess the impacts and risks of management alternatives on the availability and quality of water in large and complex river systems. This paper describes the Hydrologic Unit Model for the United States (HUMUS): a decision support system designed...

Sharif a.J., Elias Z.r., Omar M.F.: Water flow model for the Harrier basin, kurdistan of iraq. Ekológia (Bratislava), vol. 32, no. 2, p. 242–247, 2013. The study includes computer topographic and morphologic simulation of water flow produced using a watershed modelling system that uses hydrologic and physical data from the study area. The DEM module, Tin module, Map module and Hydrologic module...

Over two hundred samples were collected in tropical headwater forested catchments in the lowland Amazon basin near Juruena, Mato Grosso Brazil. These were analyzed for fluorescence characteristics and DOC concentrations, and represented a range of terrestrial hydrologic flowpaths and firstorder streams during baseflow and stormflow conditions. The fluorescence index (FI) of McKnight et al. (200...

Saint Louis Bay Watershed is a coastal watershed located in southern Mississippi, which composes two basins: Jordan River Basin and Wolf River Basin. Two land use/land cover (LULC) datasets: the Geographic Information Retrieval and Analysis System (GIRAS) and the National Land Cover Data (NLCD) are applied on these two basins to simulate the hydrologic and water quality parameters by using the ...

[1] The middle of a hillslope hollow in the Oregon Coast Range failed and mobilized as a debris flow during heavy rainfall in November 1996. Automated pressure transducers recorded high spatial variability of pore water pressure within the area that mobilized as a debris flow, which initiated where local upward flow from bedrock developed into overlying colluvium. Postfailure observations of th...

Volcanic ocean islands and shield volcanoes form superb natural experiments for investigating changes in topography and hydrology over geologic time. As volcanoes age, their surfaces evolve from un-dissected, highpermeability landscapes into deeply dissected, low-permeability terrain. Here we review the tight links and co-evolution of topographic and hydrologic processes in volcanic landscapes....