The bacteriolytic enzyme with an isoelectric point of 9.5 that is produced by all strains of Staphylococcus aureus investigated was purified from strain M18 (Wadström & Hisatsune, 1970). This enzyme released reducing groups from cell walls of Micrococcus lysodeikticus and was thus shown to be a bacteriolytic hexosaminidase. Although dinitrophenylation and acid hydrolysis of cell walls hydrolyse...

While structural symmetry is a prevailing feature of homo-oligomeric proteins, asymmetry provides unique mechanistic opportunities. We present the crystal structure of full-length TRAP1, the mitochondrial Hsp90 molecular chaperone, in a catalytically active closed state. The TRAP1 homodimer adopts a distinct, asymmetric conformation, where one protomer is reconfigured via a helix swap at the mi...

In this work, the effect of particle size on the enzymatic hydrolysis of milled and sieved sugarcane bagasse (SCB) was studied. The enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentability of superfine ground SCB (SGP400) using an enzyme cocktail strategy were also explored. Particle size reduction improved the enzymatic hydrolysis. The highest glucose yield was 44.75%, which was obtained from SGP400. The enzym...

Glycerophosphoinositol (GroPIns) is a major inositol phosphate in many cell types. In this study we have determined the optimal conditions (pH 8.0 and 0.5 mM MnCl2) for the metabolism of this molecule in an extract from human placenta, and we show that the major product is inositol (1)-phosphate (Ins(1)P). The enzyme activity that catalyzes this reaction is contained in the same protein designa...

Crystalline inorganic pyrophosphatase has been isolated from baker's yeast. The crystalline enzyme is a protein of the albumin type with an isoelectric point near pH 4.8. Its molecular weight is of the order of 100,000. It contains about 5 per cent tyrosine and 3.5 per cent tryptophane. It is most stable at pH 6.8. The new crystalline protein acts as a specific catalyst for the hydrolysis of in...

Linoleic acid hydroperoxides are versatile intermediates for the production of green note aroma compounds and bifunctional ω-oxo-acids. An enzyme cascade consisting lipoxygenase, lipase catalase was developed one-pot synthesis 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic starting from safflower oil. Reaction conditions were optimized hydroperoxidation using lipoxygenase 1 Glycine max (LOX-1) in a solvent-free...

An enzyme capable of carrying out a trehalose-activated hydrolysis of glucose 6-phosphate has been purified 86-fold from whole body extracts of Phormia regina. By means of a number of criteria, it has been shown that the same enzyme is capable of activity against trehalose-6-P, although hydrolysis of the latter substrate is not activated by trehalose. It appears that the hydrolytic sites are ov...

The enzymatic hydrolysis of triglycerides in emulsion form, which involves a heterogeneous system and furthermore unstable over time, is a difficult task. This work proposes a kinetic model for the enzymatic hydrolysis of tributyrin, using the enzyme Lipolase 100 of Novozymes. This model considers the hydrolysis reaction to take place between the enzyme and the surface ester-bonds of tributyrin...

Esterases catalyze the hydrolysis of therapeutic drugs containing esters or amides in their structures. Human carboxylesterase (CES) and arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) are the major enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of drugs in the liver. Characterization of the enzyme(s) responsible for drug metabolism is required in drug development and to realize optimal drug therapy. Because multiple ...

beta-Glucuronidase is an enzyme often employed to de-conjugate beta-glucuronides during urinary drug testing for benzodiazepines. It is commonly accepted that use of beta-glucuronidase is a preferred method of hydrolysis over acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, which is known to induce benzodiazepine degradation and transformation. Literature to date, however, has not reported any cases of benzodiazepin...