In order to enhance the catalytic performance of SAPO-34 catalyst for the reaction of methanol to olefins (MTO), ultrasonic and microwave-assisted aging method were employed in static hydrothermal method to synthesize nano-sized SAPO-34. The effects of the application of this method on the chemical composition, morphology, surface area and total acidity of SAPO-34 were characterized by XRD, FE-...

This paper presents an efficient emission constrained hydrothermal scheduling algorithm that deals with nonlinear functions such as the water discharge characteristics, thermal cost, and transmission loss. It is then incorporated into the hydrothermal coordination program. The program has been tested on a practical utility system having 32 thermal and 12 hydro generating units. Test results sho...

The synthesis method of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) determines nanoparticles' performance in biomedical applications. In this study, hydrothermal treatment as an important synthesis technique has been examined for its influence on the physicochemical properties and the drug release rate from drug-containing LDHs. We synthesised MgAl-LDHs intercalated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory dr...

0196-8904/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2010.02.006 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 02787543127. E-mail address: [email protected] (J. Zhou). The short-term hydrothermal generation scheduling (SHGS) is a complicated nonlinear optimization problem with a set of operational and hydraulic constraints. A new approach is presented in this paper for solving the sh...

The Augmented Lagrangean Relaxation (ALR) method is one of the most powerful techniques to solve the Short-Term Hydrothermal Coordination (STHC) problem. A crucial step when using the ALR method is the updating of the multipliers. In this paper we present a new multiplier updating procedure: the Gradient with Radar Step (GRS) method. The method has been successfully tested by solving medium-sca...

To determine microbial community composition, community spatial structure and possible key microbial processes in the shallow-sea hydrothermal vent systems off NE Taiwan's coast, we examined the bacterial and archaeal communities of four samples collected from the water column extending over a redoxocline gradient of a yellow and four from a white hydrothermal vent. Ribosomal tag pyrosequencing...

Article history: Received 11 July 2012 Accepted 15 January 2013 Available online 7 February 2013 Editorial handling by Peter Birkle Groundwater chemistry and isotope data from 44 public supply wells in the Napa and Sonoma Valleys, California were determined to investigate mixing of relatively shallow groundwater with deeper hydrothermalfluids.Multivariate analyses includingCluster Analyses,Mult...

Viruses are ubiquitous in the oceans and critical components of marine microbial communities, regulating nutrient transfer to higher trophic levels or to the dissolved organic pool through lysis of host cells. Hydrothermal vent systems are oases of biological activity in the deep oceans, for which knowledge of biodiversity and its impact on global ocean biogeochemical cycling is still in its in...

The utilization of renewable energy resources is desirable owing to several issues, including the depletion of petroleum resources and global warming1). Among many kinds of renewable resources, marine biomass (macroalgae) could be a promising feedstock for bioproduct and biofuel production2),3). However, appropriate pretreatment is needed prior to its effective utilization. Owing to the high wa...

introduction the shahrestanak mn deposit is located in southern qom province, 12 km southwest of the city of kahak. based on geological-structural divisions of iran, the deposit belongs to central volcanic belt or urumieh-dokhtar zone. the venarch deposit is one the most important known manganese deposits in iran. the sharestanak and venarch deposits are spatially and temporally related to each...