In the present paper the role of GnRH in the ultrashort loop of the negative feedback action on GnRH secretion was evaluated on the molecular level by the Real-time PCR technique. Specifically, the effect of GnRH infused into the third cerebral ventricle on the expression of GnRH and GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) genes was analyzed in the hypothalamic-pituitary unit of anestrous ewes. GnRH did not sig...

Reproduction is essential for perpetuation of the species and, hence, is controlled by a sophisticated network of regulatory factors of central and peripheral origin that integrate at the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Among the central regulators of reproduction, kisspeptins, as major stimulatory drivers of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurosecretion, have drawn considerab...

The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis interacts with the hypothalamo-pituitarygonadal (HPG) axis at several sites and there are both species and stress related differences in how a particular stressor affects the gonadal axis. In the pregnant mare, negative effects of stress on reproduction are often measured in terms of effect on plasma progesterone levels or abortion rate. In cycling m...

Changes in chicken embryo thymus after partial decerebration (including the hypophysis) and after hypophyseal or thymic allograft were investigated. Chicken embryos were partially decerebrated at 36-40 hr of incubation and on day 12 received a hypophysis or a thymus allograft from 18-day-old donor embryos. The thymuses of normal, sham-operated and partially decerebrate embryos were collected on...

The cavernous sinus is a complex compartment situated in both sides of the sella turcica, being its microsurgical anatomy knowledge of fundamental importance when consider to approach surgically. We studied the arterial microanatomy of 24 cavernous sinus at the microsurgical laboratory, considering that in all the internal carotid artery were filled with colored latex. The meningohypophyseal tr...

OBJECTS Craniopharyngeal Canal is a rare malformation of the sphenoid bone described in up to 0.42% of the asymptomatic population. It's been related to the development of the Rathke's pouch during embrionary period although some authors think it's a vestige of a former vascular channel. METHODS This report details a case of a four and a half years old child that developed recurrent meningiti...

Sella turcica is a saddle shaped depression in the sphenoid bone. It received its name from its resemblance to the Turkish saddle. The seat of the saddle is known as pituitary fossa or hypophyseal fossa. The pituitary gland or hypophysis cerebri is situated in the hypophyseal fossa. It is limited anteriorly, posteriorly and inferiorly by bony constituents of the sella turcica the tuberculum sel...

The manner in which the physiology and anatomy of the liver are regulated or modified by endocrine secretions is poorly understood. Further, in view of the broad extent of anterior hypophyseal control over the various structures of the body, it is reasonable to expect that an organ of such varied and diverse functions as the liver might be affected more significantly by hypopliyseal activity th...

OBJECTIVE Although the incidence of postpartum autoimmune disorders of endocrine glands are not rare, the presence of two different entities in the same patient with two different pregnancies is uncommon. METHODS We present a 35-year-old woman whose story starts with her first pregnancy when she was 29 years old, she had the diagnosis of postpartum thyroiditis with hypothyroidism.We followed ...