This investigation aimed to measure and commission small unflat photon beams using the detectors described in our previous study10. Furthermore, dosimetric parameters of small-field flat were compared provide a better interpretation beam energy spectrum. The TrueBeam linear accelerator (TrueBeam LINAC, Varian Medical Systems) was employed this study. 10 6 MV used output factor, depth dose, prof...

The audio coding scheme MPEG 1 Layer-3, which was standardized in 1993 and which is popularly known as MP3, has had an enormous impact for facilitating electronic distribution of music over the internet. Although various other more efficient coding schemes have been developed and implemented since then, the mp3 file format is still the only format for compressed audio files which is available o...

A direct correlation between the concentration of cell-free and cell-surface-bound circulating DNA (cfDNA and csbDNA, respectively) was demonstrated. Based on an inverse correlation between blood plasma DNase activity and the cfDNA concentration, blood DNases are supposed to regulate the cfDNA concentration. However, no correlation was found between the DNase activity in blood plasma and the cs...

The Hatch filter is a code-smoothing technique that uses the variation of the carrier phase. It can effectively reduce the noise of a pseudo-range with a very simple filter construction, but it occasionally causes an ionosphere-induced error for low-lying satellites. Herein, we propose an optimal single-frequency (SF) divergence-free Hatch filter that uses a satellite-based augmentation system ...

A pilot scale trickling filter and secondary sedimentation are used to evaluate the feasibility of this process for the treatment of raw dairy waste. The BOD in the raw waste of 252 to 1200 mg/l is reduced 50-73% by a single stage and a further 17-55% by sedimentation tank. Treatment efficiencies are determined at various waste strengths and influent flow rates. With a loading rate of 5-12 kg B...

1. Abstract In this contribution an innovative method for shape optimization with parametrization directly on FE mesh is proposed. The major shortcomings of CAD-free parametrization are discussed and global filter techniques are presented in this context. A global filter for shape optimization with FE-parametrization is developed and applied to numerical examples of basic shapes. The influence ...