1878-3317/$ e see front matter Copyright 2012, Ta doi:10.1016/j.jecm.2012.01.004 Alcohol-related problems cause a tremendous social and public health burden worldwide. Alcohol dependence (AD) is a common, chronic and relapsing psychiatric disorder, with prevalence varying among different ethnic populations, and determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The heritability o...

Immunity to one of the four dengue virus (DV) serotypes can increase disease severity in humans upon subsequent infection with another DV serotype. Serotype cross-reactive antibodies facilitate DV infection of myeloid cells in vitro by promoting virus entry via Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaR), a process known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). However, despite decades of investigation, no in...

â â â â  libya experienced a substantial increase in oil revenue as a result of increased oil prices during the period of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and again after 2000. recent increases in oil production and the price of oil, and their positive and negative macroeconomic impacts upon key macroeconomic variables, are of considerable contemporary importance to an oil dependent economy such...

Public Infrastructure, Location of Private Schools and Primary School Attainment in an Emerging Economy The paper argues that access to public infrastructure plays a crucial role on the presence of private schools in a community, as it could not only minimise the cost of production, but also ensure a high return to private investment. Results using community, school and child/household-level PR...

Identifying Population Groups at High Risk of Social Exclusion: Evidence from the ECHP In recent years in the public discourse of many European countries there has been a shift in emphasis from “poverty” to “social exclusion”. Broadly interpreted, “social exclusion” implies the “inability of an individual to participate in the basic political, economic and social functionings of the society in ...

The extant literature on fat taxes and thin subsidies tends to focus on the overall e ectiveness of such scal instruments in altering diets and improving health. However, little is known about the welfare impacts of scal food policies on society. This paper lls a gap in the literature by assessing the distributional impacts and welfare e ects resulting from a tax-subsidy combination on di erent...

State Dependence in Canadian Welfare Participation This paper analyzes transitions into and out-of Social Assistance in Canada. We estimate a dynamic Probit model, controlling for endogenous initial conditions and unobserved heterogeneity, using longitudinal data extracted from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) for the years 1993-2000. The data indicates that there are substantial...

AUGUST 2017 IZA DP No. 10944 Ethnic Differences in Duration and Timing of Exposure to Neighbourhood Disadvantage during Childhood This paper examines ethnic differences in childhood neighborhood disadvantage among children living in the Netherlands. In contrast to more conventional approaches for assessing children’s exposure to neighborhood poverty and affluence (e.g., point-in-time and cumula...

In this paper, we dissect with great acuteness contemporary insufficiencies of the IFS (2008) definition of the financial system and conclude from sound theoretical underpinnings and empirical justifications that the foundation, on which it is based, while solid for developed countries, holds less ground in developing countries. Perhaps one of the deepest empirical hollows in the financial deve...

A geothermal heat exchanger system is mathematically quantified, and simulated and modeled to understand heat transfixion and strata deformation caused by groundwater exploitation via groundwater heat pump systems. This is done to determine the requirements and parameters governing the development of shallow geothermal energy in an efficient and safe manner. The model takes into account the gro...