Organic solar cells (OSCs) are an attractive technique for next-generation renewable energy. However, the intrinsically unstable nature of organic compounds involved is delaying their commercialization. Therefore, it essential to improve lifetime OSCs significantly. Here, we investigated effect hydrophobic cyclized transparent optical polymer (CYTOP) as a solution-processable encapsulation laye...

In this work, the impact of 200 MeV proton irradiation at a fluence 6 × 10 12 cm −2 on forward characteristics and breakdown behaviour nickel (Ni) titanium (Ti) Schottky barrier diodes is explored. An improvement in ideality factor, reduction threshold voltage, an increase voltage observed post irradiation. Point defects induced by are likely responsible for effects. Deep Level transient Spectr...

The jet nebulizer spray (JNS) pyrolysis method has been successfully employed to grow CuO thin films at various substrate temperatures, ranging from 300 600˚C. XRD analyses revealed the monoclinic phased polycrystalline growth of samples and exhibited strong influence temperature (ST) on crystallite sizes. Optical transmission bandgap studies also showed that sample bandgaps clearly rely upon t...

Schottky barrier diodes on α−Ga2O3:Sn heteroepitaxial thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition m-plane sapphire substrates are reported. Sets of co-planar were fabricated with different metals and methods. The current rectification effective height oxidized contacts realized reactive sputtering significantly exceed the values non-oxidized thermal evaporation or in an inert argon atmosphere. ...

Abstract A high breakdown voltage silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor operated over a wide temperature range from 300 K to 10 has been investigated. The measured Gummel characteristics illustrate that the collector current and base both shift higher as decreases. f T /f max are extracted be 23/40 GHz at 300K, 28/40 90 K, 25/37GHz 10K, respectively. effective amplification become...

4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY)-based BOD-Pyr compound was synthesized according to the literature and HOMO LUMO energies of were calculated by DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) method using on Gaussian 09 W. Au/BOD-Pyr/n-Si/In Schottky diode fabricated thermal evaporation spin coating technique. The electronic photovoltaic properties have been investigated current-voltage (I-V) measure...

The performance of solar cells in realistic operating conditions usually differs from the specified efficiency at standard test (STC). Among other factors, illumination intensity (irradiance) is often lower than STC, which leads to a device efficiency. Therefore, it becomes important optimize output power low-light order achieve high energy yield specific location. For this purpose, essential h...

In a multi-component homogeneous system, the relationship between partial molar and molar quantity (RPMQ) is proved to be an equivalent relation of the Gibbs-Duhem equation. The universal characteristics of a thermodynamic model to conform to the Gibbs-Duhem equation are inferred from the RPMQ. Based on the inference, an asymmetric regular solution model is suggested to deal with those systems ...

Densities , viscosities and ultrasonic velocities has been measured for the ternary mixture involving morpholine(1) + cyclohexanone(2) + 1hexanol(3) at 308.15K and 318.15K over the entire range of mole fraction. Parameters like excess volume, adiabatic compressibility, free volume, linear free energy, acoustic impedance, relative association and isentropic compressibility were calculated. From ...