There is extensive evidence for vowel hyperarticulation in infant-directed speech (IDS) [1, 2, 3], but little is known about lexical tones in tonal IDS. Here, longitudinal recordings of Cantonese IDS revealed that tones, like vowels, are hyperarticulated. Implications of this finding for infant linguistic development are discussed.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Several studies have reported associations between brain iron deposits (IDs), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cognitive ability in older individuals. Whether the association between brain IDs and cognitive abilities in older people is mediated by or independent of total brain tissue damage represented by WMHs visible on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...

For a convolutional encoding and Viterbi decoding system, two insertion/deletion/substitution (IDS) error correcting techniques are presented in this paper. In the first means, by using the pruned convolutional codes, a rate compatible encoding system can adapt the transmission according to the state of the channel having IDS errors. In the second means, a convolutional encoded sequence is deco...

Providing a robust and reliable Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is not as straightforward as in the wired networks because of the characteristics, threats and vulnerabilities, and security requirements related to such network. This paper discusses these issues along with a discussion of the existing research works that have been proposed to secure MANET. After...

Computer security has become a major problem in our society. In particular, computer network security is concerned with preventing the intrusion of an unauthorized person into a network of computers. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a tool to monitor the network traffic and users’ activity with the aim of distinguishing between hostile and non-hostile traffic. Snort is an IDS available un...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine differences in shear bond strength to human dentin using immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique compared to delayed dentin sealing (DDS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty extracted human molars were divided into 4 groups with 10 teeth each. The control group was light-cured after application of dentin bonding agent (Excite® DSC) and cemented with Va...

BACKGROUND No consensus exists on the outcome-related factors of interval debulking surgery (IDS) in patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This study aimed to explore the optimal timing for IDS and the prognosis-associated factors of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIc to IV HG-SOC patients. ...

It remains controversial whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) induces chemoresistance in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) compared with primary debulking surgery (PDS). The aim of this study was to compare platinum-resistant recurrence following treatment with NACT-IDS or PDS in patients with stage IIIC and IV EOC.We retrospectively review...

The proposed model has an anomaly based IDS with an adaptive learning the KDD DAPRA dataset which was designed for network IDS evaluation. The following network design diagram is for detecting distributed denial service attacks. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a software application or device that monitors the Here, trained model consists of big datasets with distributed storage Performa...