Informal financial services (IFSs) provide various types of investment avenues for both rural and urban populations in Zambia. This paper is a critical review the sustainability informal typologies Zambians has been using adopting to increase their resources solve livelihoods social issues process. An evaluation why people organizations opt specific that come form savings lending groups will be...

The Pythagorean fuzzy soft set (PFSS) is the most proficient and manipulative leeway of (PFS), which contracts with parameterized values alternatives. It a generalized form intuitionistic (IFSS), provides healthier more accurate evaluations through decision-making (DM). main determination this research to prolong idea Einstein’s aggregation operators for PFSS. We introduce Einstein operational ...

Several naturally occurring biological systems, such as bones, nacre or wood, display hierarchical architectures with a central role of the nanostructuration that allows reaching amazing properties high strength and toughness. Developing in man-made materials is highly challenging, recent research relies on this concept structures to design high-performance composite materials. This review deal...

As a combination of the hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) and the single valued neutrosophic set (SVNS), the single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set (SVNHFS) is an important concept to handle uncertain and vague information existing in real-life, which consists of three membership functions including hesitancy, as the truth-hesitancy membership function, the indeterminacy-hesitancy membership func...

The development of NASA missions is difficult. Developing world class science instruments that constantly push the state of the art can present a series of developmental challenges that are difficult to both anticipate and overcome. For many NASA missions, the development of an instrument can become the primary key technological challenge for the success of a mission [1]. As such, the difficult...

This paper extends the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) for solving multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems under Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) environments. In this methodology, weights of attributes and ratings of alternatives on attributes are extracted from fuzziness inherent in decision data and making process and described u...

Fibers incorporated into polymer matrices suffer from poor adhesion at the fiber-resin interface. In ballistic materials such as body armor, it is imperative that the fiber-resin interface is strengthened for superior energy absorbing capabilities. To address this need, fibers are typically subjected to surface modifications. The overall aim of this work is to establish a methodology of control...

We describe new families of random fractals, referred to as " V-variable " , which are intermediate between the notions of deterministic and of standard random fractals. The parameter V describes the degree of " variability " : at each magnification level any V-variable fractals has at most V key " forms " or " shapes ". V-variable random fractals have the surprising property that they can be c...

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem is the process of finding the best option from all of the feasible alternatives where all the alternatives can be evaluated according to a number of criteria or attribute. Since human judgments including preferences are often vague and cannot estimate his preference with an exact numerical value. Multi-criteria decision-making problems usually consi...

We introduce a harmonic analysis for a class of affine iteration models in R d. Using Hilbert space geometry, and certain complex Hadamard matrices, we develop a new Fourier duality notion for affine and contractive iterated function systems (IFSs). It is known that not all such affine systems admit orthogonal Fourier bases. As a result, our duality is more general than earlier related construc...