The EEG from frontal cortex, EMG and EOG were recorded from rats exposed to only exercise (Treadmill), only stress, exercise + stress and neither (control). In comparison with the control group, the percent of Delta activity in the awake was significantly increased in the depressed group and significantly decreased in the exercised groups, while for Beta-2, the reverse occurred; Theta increased...

The present study provides direct experimental proof that the combination of influenza virus infection A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N3) with different models of oxidative stress, such as immobilization, cold and cold-restraint, is associated with graduated oxidative disturbances in the stomach of mice, despite the absence of virus replication and inflammation in this tissue. It was found that experimental i...

Diverse stresses including starvation and muscle disuse cause skeletal muscle atrophy. However, the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy are complex and not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45a protein (Gadd45a) is a critical mediator of muscle atrophy. We identified Gadd45a through an unbiased search for potential downstream mediators of the s...

Scaphoid stress fractures are rare injuries that have been described in young, high-level athletes who exhibit repetitive loading with the wrist in extension. We present a case of an occult scaphoid stress fracture in a 22-year-old female Division I collegiate shot-putter. She was successfully treated with immobilization in a thumb spica splint for 6 weeks. Loaded wrist extension activities can...

Recent findings on stress induced structural plasticity in rodents have identified important differences between the hippocampus and amygdala. The same chronic immobilization stress (CIS, 2 h/day) causes growth of dendrites and spines in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), but dendritic atrophy in hippocampal area CA3. CIS induced morphological changes also differ in their temporal longevity--BLA h...

It is considered that hypothalamus is important in the regulation of the blood glucose, but how chronic stress leads to hyperglycemia is not known. In this experiment, we used chronic immobilization stress rat as a model, and observed that only rats with increased expression of GAD65 in the amygdala had an elevated level of blood glucose. Considering there are fiber tracks between the amygdala ...

Stress is a critical contributor to cardiovascular diseases through its impact on blood pressure variability and cardiac function. Familial clustering of reactivity to stress has been demonstrated in human subjects, and some rodent models of hypertension are hyperresponsive to stress. Therefore, the present study was designed to uncover the genetic determinants of the stress response. We perfor...

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of pediatric fractures. It approximates the physiological healing process of bone, without opening the fracture site. Also, the operative stress is minimal because of the minimally invasive nature of the procedure, and the volume of implants is small, offering a very good stability without plast...

Involvement of endogenous nitric oxide in the effects of kyotorphin and its synthetic analogue on immobilization and cold stress-induced analgesia E. B. Dzambazova*, A. I. Bocheva, V. P. Nikolova 1 Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia...