BACKGROUND Patients with a history of beta-lactam antibiotic allergy are often admitted to the hospital with severe or life-threatening infections requiring beta-lactam antibiotics. Strict avoidance of beta lactams to such patients may prevent them from getting adequate coverage and can lead to an increase in the use of alternative antibiotics, which can predispose to antibiotic resistance. Pas...

Aspirin sensitivity is relatively frequent and can be a major problem in patients who need percutaneous coronary intervention and stenting with subsequent dual antiplatelet therapy. Desensitization is often the therapy in these patients, but this can prolong the time to revascularization significantly. Rapid oral aspirin desensitization protocols have been described since 2000. However, data ar...

common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) and selective iga deficiency (sigad) are the most common primary antibody deficiencies. these two diseases may have coincidence in one family and sigad can progress to cvid which suggest common underlying genetic defects between sigad and cvid. this study was designed to find the prevalence of multiple cases in families of iranian patients with cvid or si...

Ryanodine receptor (RyR) activation by cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is followed by homologous desensitization. Though poorly understood, this "switching off" process has provided a key experimental tool for determining the pathway through which cADPR mediates Ca(2+) release. Moreover, desensitization is likely to play an important role in shaping the complexities of Ca(2+) signaling involving cADP...

Abstract An important limitation in the clinical use of opiates is progressive loss of analgesic efficacy over time. Development of analgesic tolerance is tightly linked to receptor desensitization. In the case of delta opioid receptors (DOR), desensitization is especially swift because receptors are rapidly internalized and are poorly recycled to the membrane. In the present study, we investig...

The serotonin(2C) (5-HT(2C)) receptor couples to multiple effector mechanisms, including phospholipase A(2)-mediated arachidonic acid (AA) release and phospholipase C-mediated production of inositol phosphates (IP). Agonist relative efficacy differs depending upon which response (AA release or IP accumulation) is measured. In this study, we investigated the characteristics and agonist dependenc...

Short-term facilitation and depression have a profound influence on transmission at many glutamatergic synapses, particularly during trains of stimuli. A major component of these processes is postsynaptic receptor desensitization. Both presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms can contribute to synaptic efficacy, but it is often difficult to define their respective contributions. Blockers of dese...

Drug desensitization is the induction, within hours to days, of a temporary state of tolerance to a drug which the patient has developed a hypersensitivity reaction to. It may be used for IgE and non-IgE mediated allergic reactions, and certain non-allergic reactions. The indication for desensitization is where no alternative medications are available for the treatment of that condition, and wh...

How desensitization of mechanotransducer currents regulates afferent signal generation in mammalian sensory neurons is essentially unknown. Here, we dissected desensitization mechanisms of mechanotransducer channels in rat sensory neurons that mediate the sense of touch and pain. We identified four types of mechanotransducer currents that distribute differentially in cutaneous nociceptors and m...