This paper developed integrated production–inventory-marketing models for a two-stage supply chain consisting of one vendor and one buyer. The aim of the paper was to decrease the inconsistency between theory and practice of inventory management by relaxing some unrealistic assumptions such as constant demand and fully perfect items that make the models practically impossible for real-life prob...

It was suggested in 2004 by some researchers that it might be possible to improve production systems performance by applying the first and second laws of thermodynamics to reduce system entropy. Then these laws were used to modify the economic order quantity (EOQ) model to derive an equivalent entropic order quantity (EnOQ). Moreover the political instability or uncertainty of a country (as wel...

The principles for measuring the extinction ratio and transmittance of a polarizer are formulated by use of the principal Mueller matrix, which includes both polarization and depolarization. The extinction ratio is about half of the depolarization, and the contrast is the inverse of the extinction ratio. Errors in the extinction ratio caused by partially polarized incident light and the misalig...

In recent times, in the literature of inventory management there exists a notorious interest production-inventory models focused on imperfect production processes with deterministic time horizon. Nevertheless, it is well-known that high influence and impact caused by learning effect random planning This research work formulates mathematical model for re-workable multi-item system, which demand ...