the voquea literary school is strongly associated to the periods of timurids – especially 2nd half of 15th century – and safavids from the view of social-political points. the school was founded in the last 15th century and reached its maturity by the end of that century to be continued up to the early 16th century. there have been several sporadic discussions about the poems of voquea school a...

The control problem and Dynamic programming is a powerful tool in economics and management. We review the dynamic programming problem from its beginning up to its present stages. A problem which was involved in physics and mathematics in I 7” century led to a branch of mathematics called calculus of variation which was used in economic, and management at the end of the first quarter of the 20” ...

Urdu is a distinct literary language began to develop in India during Mughal empire. Lots of people read, write and speak, this language in Indian subcontinent. This brief article will shed light on the seven rare books in Urdu compiled and published in the period from 19th century to the first half of the current century. Some books may not have high value but the struggle of the scholars, is ...

Although medicine is an ancient science, only since the twentieth century there have been technological advances with widespread use in diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. However, the introduction of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine did not take place until the second half of the past century. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the role of intelligent tools in moder...

The rise in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality occurring mostly during the first half of the 20th century is usually associated with economic development and its consequences for people's lifestyles. On the basis of historical evidence, it is postulated that a previous IHD epidemic cycle may have occurred in England and Wales towards the turn of the nineteenth century. The implications of t...

In the early decades of the 20th century, discussions regarding alcohol were dominantly directed toward itstherapeutic uses, but authorities now state that any level of alcohol consumption poses negative effects onhealth. Over recent months, increased attention has been devoted to disease burdens attributable to alcoholuse worldwide. As more...