background: the phase change materials (pcms) have the appropriate properties for controlling heat strain. one of the well-known pcms is paraffin. this study aimed to design the cooling vest from the cheap commercial paraffin compound and evaluation of its effectiveness under laboratory hot conditions. methods: the cooling vest was made of the polyester fabric and it had 17 aluminum packs. the ...

Sustainable architecture is known as an important strategy in recent years and all around the world are cooperating to achieve this by use of natural elements. There are many examples of residential buildings in Iran s past and its traditional architecture that the architecture in the interim of paying attention to aesthetic issues and preserving the natural environment acts in a way that meets...

background. acid etching prior to orthodontic bracket bonding may result in enamel wear or cracks following bracket removal. the manufacturer of fuji ortho lc glass-ionomer (gi) claims that it can bond brackets to wet unetched enamel. this study aimed to compare the bracket bond strength to etched and unetched enamel under dry and wet conditions. methods. in this in vitro study, 60 intact premo...

• Large vibration amplitudes of the stay cables Stavanger City Bridge (Norway) were occasionally reported. A monitoring system including accelerometers, an anemometers and a field camera was deployed. Rainfall found to promote onset large amplitude heave oscillations. The range mean wind speed values, reduced velocities wind-cable angles associated with rain-wind-induced vibrations characterise...

Water cooling by ambient takes place with two mechanisms of heat and mass transfer. Using packings at wet cooling towers has disadvantages such as obstruction, reduction of life expectancy and production of algae and fungi. In shower cooling towers types of towers packings are completely removed and water intake is in direct contact and heat transfer takes place in two ways of latent and sensib...

in this complete random block study we aimed to assess the morphologic reactions of petunia under water deficiency. we used four irrigation treatments (irrigation amount of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the field's irrigation capacity. the study consisted of 8 repetitions during 6 months in the greenhouse. data were analyzed using spss software, version 12.0 and the mean data were compared with ea...

Remote sensing is increasingly used in studies of periodic changes of land use and landsurface temperature (LST) calculations. In this paper, the effect of change in the area ofMaharlu Lake on climatic elements, land surface temperature and vegetation cover in theareas surrounding the lake were studied. To this end, the ETM + & TM sensor data ofLANDSAT satellite on May 22, 1987, May 17, 2000, M...