Retrofit of existing bridges founded on pile groups can be a challenging, costly, and time-consuming operation, especially when foundation interventions are required. The optimization retrofit design, hence such complicated interventions, may done by allowing controlled strongly nonlinear response associated energy dissipation mechanisms to develop during seismic loading. Taking advantage also ...

Abstract. Previous work suggests that acoustic waves at frequencies below human hearing (infrasound) are produced during tornadogenesis and continue through the life of a tornado, which have potential to locate profile tornadic events provide range improvements relative current radar capabilities, primary measurement tool. Confirming identifying fluid mechanism responsible for infrasonic produc...