there is a general rule in criminal law, principal of innocence. according to this rule, who asserts must prove. if she succeeds, ,this principal is replaced by pricipal of criminality, (as this pricipal is valid as far as the contrary is not proven). so, it is clear that the validity of this pricipal is based on the circumstances and reasonable inferences from these circumstances. if the situa...

Raw material of heavy oil and gas deposits, developed in per Caspian lowland (Orenburg, Astrakhan, Tengiz, Zanazol), is characterized by high content of acid components (H2S, CO2) and sulphoorganic compounds. Under such circumstances the importance of industrial mining and development of new, economical and wasteless technologies, providing full and experienced usage of all raw compounds being ...

The present research investigated the mechanisms guiding habitual behavior, specifically, the stimulus cues that trigger habit performance. When usual contexts for performance change, habits cannot be cued by recurring stimuli, and performance should be disrupted. Thus, the exercising, newspaper reading, and TV watching habits of students transferring to a new university were found to survive t...

In many industrial experiments involving lifetimes of machines or units, experiments have to be terminated early or the number of experiments must be limited due to a variety of circumstances (e.g. when expensive, etc.) the samples that arise from such experiments are called censored data. Cohen (1991) was one of the earliest to study a more general censoring scheme called progressive censor...