We have performed detailed studies of the spreading of X inactivation in five unbalanced human X;autosome translocations. Using allele-specific RT-PCR we observed long-range silencing of autosomal genes located up to 45 Mb from the translocation breakpoint, directly demonstrating the ability of X inactivation to spread in cis through autosomal DNA. Spreading of gene silencing occurred in either...

atmospheric pressure plasma (app) is an emerging non thermal technology for the improvement of food  safety. non-thermal plasma (ntp) is a neutral ionized gas that comprises highly reactive spices including, positive ions, negative ions, free radicals, electrons, excited or non excited molecules and photons at or near room temperature. ntp can be generated at atmospheric pressure that makes it ...

Copper efflux oxidases (CueOs) are key enzymes in copper homeostasis systems. The mechanisms involved however largely unknown. CueO-type share a typical structural feature composed of Methionine-rich (Met-rich) domains that proposed to be homeostasis. Bioelectrocatalysis using the presence Cu2+ recently highlighted new Cu2+-dependent catalytic pathway related cuprous oxidase activity. In this w...

Incorporation of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in fecal sludge management shows promise as a resource recovery strategy. BSFL efficiently convert organic waste into valuable lipids and protein, which can be further processed commercial products. Ensuring the microbial safety waste-derived products is critical to success resource-oriented sanitation requires development effective treatment. Th...

Inactivation of a dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium current was studied in a cell line (A7r5) derived from smooth muscle of the rat thoracic aorta. Inactivation is faster with extracellular Ca2+ than with Ba2+. In Ba2+, inactivation increases monotonically with depolarization. In Ca2+, inactivation is related to the amount of inward current, so that little inactivation is seen in Ca2+ for brief...

Ca2+ -dependent inactivation (CDI) has recently been shown in heterologously expressed N-type calcium channels (CaV2.2), but CDI has been inconsistently observed in native N-current. We examined the effect of Ca2+ on N-channel inactivation in rat sympathetic neurons to determine the role of CDI on mammalian N-channels. N-current inactivated with fast (tau approximately 150 ms) and slow (tau app...