1.0 Introduction The importance of improved export performance in increasing household incomes and reducing poverty cannot be overemphasised. The proportion of persons living in are reported to be declining over the past century, however more significantly is that in the last two decades, the numbers of people living in poverty is observed to be declining. It is reported that the number that th...

BACKGROUND Most of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) aim to ensure equitable access to health care. This is often interpreted as requiring that care be available on the basis of need and not willingness or ability to pay. We sought to examine equity in physician utilization in 21 OECD countries for the year 2000. METHODS Using data from n...

The document contains ongoing work on an OECD project that examines the role of agricultural policies in raising incomes and reducing poverty in developing countries. A key focus is on ways in which the policy recommendations that the OECD has developed for its member countries might need to be qualified in the case of lower income developing countries. The paper is divided into two parts: Part...

Cross-sectional data capture only a point in time and miss individual changes in earnings, labor force participation, marriage, fertility, and health. Because panel data follow individuals over time, they do not have this problem. The problems or concerns with cross-sectional data may be compounded when these data are used to make projections. Iams and Sandell (1997) found that using panel data...

Before the fall of the Berlin Wall, mortality was considerably higher in the former East Germany than in West Germany. The gap narrowed rapidly after German reunification. The convergence was particularly strong for women, to the point that Eastern women aged 50-69 now have lower mortality despite lower incomes and worse overall living conditions. Prior research has shown that lower smoking rat...

The 1956 Solow growth model is expanded to study the effects of the AIDS epidemic on the growth path of the economy and per capita GDP (gross domestic product). AIDS and no-AIDS scenarios are compared analytically and via simulations based upon Tanzanian demographic and macroeconomic data. The 1st section discusses various channels through which AIDS might affect the macroeconomy and describe...

equitable distribution of income and economic growth are challenges for policy-makers. therefore, it is important to investigate the influencing factors of it. given that financial development is an important factor affecting on income inequality, in this study, the effect of financial development on the gini coefficient as income inequality index is examined with using panel data methods durin...

The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a publicly available online resource of gene expression information in human brain comprising multiple datasets from several projects. Colorimetric in situ hybridization (ISH) methods were used in several of these projects to provide gene expression data at cellular level resolution in specific brain regions. The data are publicly accessible via a Web-based applic...

allen P10lern (samt den Exilanten auf Z10) – f ¨ ur alle Hilfsbereitschaft und die entspannte und freundschaftliche Zusammenarbeit (und die dazugehörigen Kaffeepausen) meiner Familie – f ¨ ur die uneingeschränkte Unterstützung in allen Lebenslagen

Precis: In this paper we present some quantitative indices for measuring and comparing levels of inequality in discrete spatial distributions. The indices presented are based on the Kullback Informa­ tion Measure which we consider to be the most general. In the final section of the paper the indices are applied to measure inequality in per capita income and certain categories of employment dist...