Consider a sequential process where agents have individual values at every possible step. A planner is in charge of selecting steps and distributing the accumulated aggregate values among agents. We model this process by a directed network where each edge is associated with a vector of individual values. This model applies to several new and existing problems, e.g., developing a connected publi...

The flexibility of the mechanical system is one of the factors of the bandwidth limitation. Especially, it is known that an out-of-phase vibration mode makes the closed loop unstable with the negative feedback of the positioning error. In this paper, a novel mode shaping method for in-phase design of flexible structures is proposed. From the relation between the modal analysis and the state-spa...

AMPA receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that show multiple conductance levels, indicating that gating of individual AMPA subunits is to some extent independent of the other subunits. To study AMPAR subunit interactions during activation gating, we recorded from single channels in the absence of channel block and desensitization and at negative and positive membrane potentials. In saturatin...

We show through computer simulations that the thin silica ring that surrounds the air core of a photonic-bandgap fiber introduces surface modes. The intensity profile and dispersion of these modes indicate that they are the modes of the waveguide formed by the ring surrounded by air on one side and the photonic crystal cladding on the other. The ring also induces small perturbations of the fund...

Computer users need training on menu selection systems to remember how to access target functions. This experiment investigated the effects of studying documentation before searching for target words in a content-free menu. Subjects studied one of the following: sequences of choices to arrive at a desired target (command-sequence mode), individual display screens (menu-frame mode), a diagram of...

We report on a tunable all-fiber dissipative-soliton laser with a multimode interference filter that consists of a multimode fiber spliced between two single-mode fibers. By carefully selecting the fiber parameters, a filter with a central wavelength at 1032 nm and a bandwidth of 7.6 nm is constructed and used for spectral filtering in an all-normal-dispersion mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber ...

A variety of wheelchairs with different options and special add-on features have been developed to meet a wide range of needs (Pin & Killough, 1994), (Wada & Asada, 1999), (West & Asada, 1992). In order to satisfy the demand for higher mobility, designers have created new driving concepts such as omni-directional movement which allows any combination of forward, sideways, and rotational movemen...

INTRODUCTION Selection of the optimal anastomosis site is essential for obtaining good results from distal bypass. Herein, a unique, precise technique that uses pre-operative duplex scanning for selecting this site is presented. TECHNICAL SUMMARY Before distal bypass surgery, duplex scanning is performed to assess patency and flow. Use of the venous preset mode and controlling the slant funct...