This paper focuses on the effects of activating expected self as compared to the effects of activating the ought self. The expected self is a component of self-knowledge that pertains to the perception of one's capabilities and potentials. Two experimental studies compared participants' task performance after manipulating the momentary accessibility of the expected self vs. the ought self. In S...

This study aimed at investigating the relative impact of comprehensible input and comprehensible output on the development of grammatical accuracy and syntactic complexity of Iranian EFL learners’ oral production. Participants were 60 female EFL learners selected from a whole population pool of 80 based on the standard test of IELTS. To investigate the research questions, the participants were ...

This paper describes a prototype of a simulaled physics student that learns by interacting with a human tutor. The system solves physics problems while showing its work on a work· station screen, and the tutor can intervene at cenain points during problem·solving to advise the simulaled studenL This prototype constitutes an initial cognitive task analysis of the skill of learning from a tutor, ...

Given an i.i.d. sequence of n letters from a finite alphabet, we consider the length of the longest run of any letter. In the equiprobable case, results for this run turn out to be closely related to the well-known results for the longest run of a given letter. For coin-tossing, tail probabilities are compared for both kinds of runs via Poisson approximation.

The apparent difficulty that humans experience when asked to manage dynamic complexity might be related to their inability to discriminate among familiar classes of objects (i.e., flawed recognition). In this study we examined the change in individuals’ recognition ability, as measured by the change in the similarity of decisions they made when confronted repeatedly with consistent dynamic situ...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a disorder with multiple pathophysiological causes, destructive outcomes, and no available definitive cure. pelargonidin (pel), an anthocyanin derivative, is an estrogen receptor agonist with little estrogen side effects. this study was designed to assess pel memory enhancing effects on the a rat amyloid beta 25-35 (aβ) intrahippocampal microinjections model of ad in...