The regenerative response to drug- and toxin-induced liver injury induces changes to the hepatic stroma, including the extracellular matrix. Although the extracellular matrix is known to undergo changes during the injury response, its impact on maintaining hepatocyte function and viability in this process remains largely unknown. We demonstrate that recovery from toxin-mediated injury is impair...

UNLABELLED Fas ligand (FasL)-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis occurs in the context of acute liver injury that can be accompanied by intravascular coagulation (IC). We tested the hypothesis that analysis of selected protein fractions from livers undergoing apoptosis will shed light on mechanisms that are involved in liver injury that might be amenable to intervention. Proteomic analysis of the maj...

Although lead and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), both important environmental pollutants, activate cells through different receptors and participate in distinct upstream signaling pathways, Pb increases the amount of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). We examined the cells responsible for the excess production of Pb-increased LPS-induced TNF-alpha and liver injury, and the roles of...

Schwabe, Robert F., and David A. Brenner. Mechanisms of Liver Injury. I. TNF-induced liver injury: role of IKK, JNK, and ROS pathways. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 290: G583– G589, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00422.2005.—TNFactivates several intracellular pathways to regulate inflammation, cell death, and proliferation. In the liver, TNFis not only a mediator of hepatotoxicity but also c...

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones critical for cell survival under adverse environmental conditions and for normal cellular homeostasis. Bicyclol, a novel antihepatitis drug, has been shown to protect against liver injury in animals. However, it is unclear how bicyclol protects against liver injury. We recently found that bicyclol is an inducer of HSPs. We wondered whether bic...

background: chemical toxins are among the leading causes of liver disorders, inflammation and necrosis in hepatocytes. the aim of this study was to evaluate of protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract from rhizome of zingiber officinale l. (hez) on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in male rat. material and methods: in this experimental studymale wistar rats (n=35, body weight 230-...

Only 30% of alcoholics develop liver disease (ALD) suggesting that additional factors are needed. Endotoxin is one such factor, but its etiology is unclear. Since the gut is the main source of endotoxin, we sought to determine whether an increase in intestinal permeability (leaky gut) is required for alcohol-induced endotoxemia and liver injury and whether the gut leakiness is preventable. For ...

BACKGROUND Autochthonous hepatitis E has been observed with growing incidence in industrialized countries. Hepatitis E virus infection causes an acute hepatitis with spontaneous resolution in the majority of cases. However, in individual cases, hepatitis E may lead to life-threatening acute liver failure. In this report, we describe a case of acute liver injury caused by an autochthonous hepati...

Herbal supplement-induced liver injury represents a growing concern in the body of drug-induced (DILI) literature, with recent studies mainland China, Iceland, and United States reporting estimated rates herb/dietary (HILI) between 1.16-6.38 per 100,000 (Björnsson et al., 2013; Shen 2019; Vega 2017). Notably, 2020 study demonstrated an increasing prevalence hepatotoxicity secondary to herbal di...

Background: Ethinylestradiol (EE) has induced cholestasis and hepatotoxicity in animal studies through reducing bile acid uptake by hepatocytes and induce of oxidative stress. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a drug that by inhibition of release or transcription of proinflammatory cytokine cause prevents oxidative stress of liver cell and reduction of damage. We aimed to evaluate the effects of pentoxif...