The well known negative effect of infection on nutrition causes the cycle 'infection-malnutrition-infection'. Prolonged parenteral nutrition requires central venous catheterization. Due to the possibility of 'catheter related sepsis' (CRS) catheters should be used correctly to avoid septic complications. A very high percentage of central venous catheters (CVC) removed because of presumed infect...

Over recent decades there has been a rapid rise in metabolic disorders throughout the world. Whilst lifestyle and societal habits have contributed to the obesity epidemic, there is now increasing evidence that the early developmental environment of an infant can play a pivotal role in the 'programming' of an adverse physiological phenotype in later life. Clinical evidence highlights that matern...

Introduction Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is defined as intestinal failure due to a loss of intestine resulting in inadequate length of bowel for maintaining the nutrition and hydration of the individual without either intravenous or oral supplementation. With some reported exceptions, the minimum length of small bowel required for infant survival on enteral feeds is generally 25 cm in the presen...

The national Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutrition education, growth monitoring, breastfeeding promotion and support, and food to low-income pregnant or postpartum women, infants, and children aged <5 years. Several studies have linked WIC services with improved maternal and infant health outcomes. Most population-based studies have lac...

Although human breast milk contains significant biomolecules with major impact on growth and development of preterm babies, a diet based exclusively this over longer period time can be associated the micronutrient deficiency in sensitive group infants. The aim study was to determine content micronutrients from mothers infants infant formula, influence mineral osmolality potential renal solute l...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Development during the first two years of life is critical and has a lasting impact on a child's health. Poor infant and child nutrition can lead to deficiencies in essential micronutrients, which may cause a weakened immune system and lasting effects on children's growth and development. Recent studies in rural Shaanxi Province found an anemia prevalence of 54.3% amon...