We dissected the relative contribution of arteriovenous hemodynamics, the venoarteriolar response (VAR), and the myogenic reflex toward a decrease in local blood flow induced by venous congestion. Skin blood flow (SkBF) was measured in 12 supine subjects via laser-Doppler flowmetry 1) over areas of forearm and calf skin, in which the VAR was blocked by using eutectic mixture of local anesthetic...

An autoperfusion balloon catheter was developed to allow passive myocardial perfusion during inflation through a central lumen and multiple side holes in the shaft proximal and distal to the balloon. We report its safety and efficacy in 11 patients undergoing elective angioplasty to a single coronary lesion. Each lesion was dilated three times with the autoperfusion inflation bracketed between ...

The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was first introduced by Moulopoulos et al. in 1962 and was described clinically by Kantrowitz et al. in 1968. The subsequent development of the IABP has resulted in its widespread application, resulting in >70,000 applications per year, making it the most common cardiac assist device after pharmacologic intervention. The correct timing of the inflation and d...

This is the second of two companion papers on the interior structure of self-similar accreting charged black holes. In the first paper, the black hole was allowed to accrete only a single fluid of charged baryons. In this second paper, the black hole is allowed to accrete in addition a neutral fluid of almost non-interacting dark matter. Relativistic streaming between outgoing baryons and ingoi...

This is the second of two companion papers on the interior structure of self-similar accreting charged black holes. In the first paper, the black hole was allowed to accrete only a single fluid of charged baryons. In this second paper, the black hole is allowed to accrete in addition a neutral fluid of almost non-interacting dark matter. Relativistic streaming between outgoing baryons and ingoi...

BACKGROUND Endotracheal tube (ETT) cuffs create a seal to protect against secretion entry to the lungs. Cuff inflation currently is recommended at 20-30 cm H2O pressure. ETT designs have variable seal performance in bench studies using rigid tracheal models lacking the dynamic characteristics of the human trachea. We compared ETT designs within a new, biorealistic tracheal model to assess cuff ...

BACKGROUND Retention of mouth-to-mouth, mouth-to-mask and mouth-to-face shield ventilation techniques is poorly understood. METHODS A prospective randomised clinical trial was undertaken in January 2004 in 70 candidates randomly assigned to training in mouth-to-mouth, mouth-to-mask or mouth-to-face shield ventilation. Each candidate was trained for 10 min, after which tidal volume, respirator...

We previously demonstrated that skeletal muscle blood flow is restored in the exercising forearm during experimental hypoperfusion via local dilator and/or myogenic mechanisms. This study examined the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the restoration of blood flow to the active muscles during hypoperfusion. Eleven healthy subjects (10 men/1 woman; 25 +/- 1 yr of age) performed rhythmic forearm exerc...

Has the macroeconomic policy "regime" changed in the United States in the last few years? If so, has t h s change had an effect on macroeconomic relationships, and, in particular, on the relationshp between inflation and unemployment? These two questions have been on the minds of most macroeconomists since the October 1979 switch from interest rates to reserves as an intermediate target for the...

Inflationary cosmologies, regarded as dynamical systems, have rather simple asymptotic behavior, insofar as the cosmic baldness principle holds. Nevertheless, in the early stages of an inflationary process, the dynamical behavior may be very complex. In this paper, we show how even a simple inflationary scenario, based on Linde’s “chaotic inflation” proposal, manifests nontrivial dynamical effe...