The inter-regional freight volume is a crucial factor for transportation infrastructure planning and investment decision-making. However, existing studies on estimation have mainly focused the total within specific region, without taking flow into consideration. In this research, gravity model was employed to estimate trade coefficient matrix based input–output tables of 31 provinces in China 2...

The paper presents a universal feedback control policy (UCP) for an arbitrary road network of signalized intersections. At each time and at each intersection, the control simultaneously activates one set of compatible phases or streams. The control is a function of the current state of the road network, the vector of all queue lengths in the network. The activation of a phase permits vehicles t...

Malaysia experienced four major phases of industrialization, with import substitution or export orientation dominating each phases alternatively. Manufacturing sector is important in Malaysia’s industrial development, inducing rapid growth, technology expansion and upgrading labor skill. High growth rates and high technology expansion in these sector resulted in a substantial increase in demand...

The current state-of-practice in structural control uses the centralized Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) approach to determine optimal control forces. The centralized architecture of the LQR control approach does not easily scale to complex systems characterized by high sensor and actuator densities. In this paper, a decentralized control approach is proposed for application in structural cont...

nowadays, economic load dispatch between generation units with least cost involved is one of the most important issues in utilizing power systems. in this paper, a new method i.e. water cycle algorithm (wca) which is similar to other intelligent algorithm and is based on swarm, is employed in order to solve the economic load dispatch problem between power plants. wca is used to solve complicate...

Economics depends on the economic scale of planning. Economists study the characteristics of the production function, while community operating management focuses on demand realization, so that loss of sales or inventory prevents cost reductions and maximizes profits. However, companies with a lack of capacity need to achieve economies of scale and demand to realize them simultaneously, especia...

The chapter focuses on household production theory and models for non-agricultural households, largely in developed countries. The objectives of the paper are: (1) to present several types of microeconomic models of household decision making and highlight their implications for empirical food demand studies and (2) to presents an empirical application of insights gained from household productio...

the input - output framework is applied in this study to analyse the change, in the use of labor input. on the basis of input-output tables sectors of the economy are specified according to the degree of their interdependences. backward and forward employment linkages can he calculated. the sectors then are classified according to their total (direct and indirect) employment linkages. through a...

This work presents information on the patterns of yield determination by yield components as a function of the level of management of the crop. The data used for the analyses were obtained from 8 field experiments located across Poland in 2009 and 2010. 25 winter wheat cultivars were evaluated at two management levels, i.e., at a low input of nitrogen fertilisation and pesticides and at a h...