نتایج جستجو برای: insulin genetics
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BACKGROUND Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare condition and it is important to differentiate it from other causes, such as hyperglycemia in infancy, for better outcomes. We report a case of an infant who presented to our neonatal intensive care unit in ketoacidosis and a comatose state. CASE REPORT Our case was an infant who presented to the neonatal intensive care unit at 38 days of age in k...
Large genome-wide association studies of glycemic traits have identified genetics variants that are associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the general population. It is unknown whether people with genetic enrichment for these IR variants respond differently to interventions that aim to improve insulin sensitivity. We built a genetic risk score (GRS) based on 17 established IR variants and e...
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic with multiple obesity-associated health problems including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue serves as a fuel storage depot, but also plays a pivotal role in homeostasis of energy expenditure, appetite regulation, glucose regulation, and immunity. Both genetics and environment play important roles in adipose tissue function...
Several studies have identified an increased risk of cancer in type 2 diabetic patients and this is in accordance with the hypothesis that increased insulin levels might promote cancer. Thus, there is a great interest in exploring the possibility that antidiabetic therapies lowering insulin levels could decrease cancer incidence or cancer-related mortality. Recent observational studies have sho...
E xtensive investigations of the pathophysiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) have identified two defects in endocrine function: insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. Despite general agreement that both defects are present in most patients with established NIDDM, many authorities have debated the question of which defect is the primary cause of NIDDM. Many interesting...
ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels are inhibited by intracellular ATP and activated by ADP. Nutrient oxidation in beta-cells leads to a rise in [ATP]-to-[ADP] ratios, which in turn leads to reduced K(ATP) channel activity, depolarization, voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel activation, Ca(2+) entry, and exocytosis. Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (HI) is a genetic disord...
OBJECTIVE Neonatal diabetes secondary to mutations in potassium-channel subunits is a rare disease but constitutes a paradigm for personalized genetics-based medicine, as replacing the historical treatment with insulin injections with oral sulfonylurea (SU) therapy has been proven beneficial. SU receptors are widely expressed in the brain, and we therefore evaluated potential effects of SU on n...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim is to provide a detailed review of recent publications on cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) with a particular focus on the interplay between cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS CFRD is a form of diabetes that is distinct from type 1 or type 2 diabetes. CFRD remains very common and increases in prevalence with increasing age so that o...
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