Insulin inhibits the secretion of lipoprotein components such as triglyceride, phospholipid, and apolipoproteins B and E in primary rat hepatocyte cultures. The aim of this study was to determine whether these hormonal effects are related to the interaction of insulin with its receptor on the surface of cultured hepatocytes. Half-maximal inhibition of secretion of apolipoprotein E and triglycer...

The pathophysiology of type-2 diabetes implies defects in tissue sensitivity to insulin and in an appropriate insulin secretion. Normally, insulin binds to insulin receptors on target organ cells, resulting in a series of cellular events promoting intracellular glucose transport and metabolism. Insulin resistance is defined by the inability of peripheral target tissue to respond properly to nor...

in an effort to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of t. polium, the crude extract was administered orally to a group of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats for 6 consecutive weeks. significant decrease in blood glucose by 64%, total bilirubin by 35%, glutamate oxaloacetate transferase by 48% and glutamate pyruvate transferase by 30% was observed compared to untreated diabetic rats. however, t...

It is suspected that microbial infections take part in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM). Glucose-induced insulin secretion is accompanied by the release of free arachidonic acid (AA) mainly by cytosolic- and calcium independent phospholipases A2 (cPLA2 and iPLA2). Insulinoma cell line (INS-1E) was infected with E. coli isolated from the blood culture of a patient with sepsis....

Porcine pancreastatin (1.19 nmol) was administered into the peripheral vein (i.v.) or the third cerebral ventricle (i.t.v.) of dogs and its effect on the secretion of insulin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) studied. Neither means of administration had any effect on basal and glucose-induced insulin or PP secretion. However, i.v. pancreastatin did inhibit the i.v. CCK-8-induced insulin but not P...

Gut functions, such as gastrointestinal motility, gastric secretion and pancreatic secretion, were reduced with age. Glucose tolerance is impaired, and the release of insulin and β-cell's sensitivity on glucose are reduced with age. However, a lot of controversial data have been reported as insulin concentrations after glucose ingestion are either higher or no different in elderly and young sub...

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) were recently identified as having significant clinical potential in reversing β-cell functional inhibition caused by inflammation, a shared precursor of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. However, HDACi are highly complex and little is known of their direct effect on important cell secretion pathways for blood glucose regulation. The aims of the present study we...

Brief Summary: This is a single case report describing possible new candidate gene (ADCY7) for congenital hyperinsulinism. Mutations in the ADCY7 may be cause of hyperinsulinism but more cases are needed and molecular mechanisms studied detail.

C-peptide is produced in equal amounts to insulin and is the best measure of endogenous insulin secretion in patients with diabetes. Measurement of insulin secretion using C-peptide can be helpful in clinical practice: differences in insulin secretion are fundamental to the different treatment requirements of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. This article reviews the use of C-peptide measurement in t...

D-Myo-inositol (3,4,5,6) tetrakisphosphate [Ins(3,4,5,6)P(4)] or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity acts to inhibit calcium-dependent chloride secretion in T84 colonic epithelial cells. To further distinguish between the contributions of these two signaling pathways to the inhibition of secretion, we studied effects of insulin, because the insulin receptor links to PI 3-kinase...