This work presents a novel finite-element solution to the problem of scattering from multiple two-dimensional cavities in infinite metallic walls. The technique presented here is highly efficient in terms of computing resources and is versatile and accurate in comparison with previously published methods. The formulation is based on using the surface integral equation with the free-space Green'...

The effective string action of the color-electric flux tube in the U(1)×U(1) dual Ginzburg-Landau (DGL) theory is studied by performing a path-integral analysis by taking into account the finite thickness of the flux tube. The DGL theory, corresponding to the low-energy effective theory of Abelian-projected SU(3) gluodynamics, can be expressed as a [U(1)]3 dual Abelian Higgs (DAH) model with a ...

In a two-dimensional space where a point particle interacts with a diatomic fragment, the action integral contour integral of p(theta) d theta (where theta is the angle between the fragment and the line of centers and p(theta) its conjugate momentum) is an adiabatic invariant. This invariance is thought to be a persistent dynamical constraint. Indeed, its classical Poisson bracket with the Hami...

Total Least Squares (TLS) is a method for treating an overdetermined system of linear equations Ax ≈ b, where both the matrix A and the vector b are contaminated by noise. In practical situations, the linear system is often ill-conditioned. For example, this happens when the system is obtained via discretization of ill-posed problems such as integral equations of the first kind (see e.g., [7] a...

A set of consistency conditions is derived from Einstein equations for brane world scenarios with a spatially periodic internal space. In particular, the sum of the total tension of the flat branes and the non-negative integral of the gradient energy of the bulk scalars must vanish. This constraint allows us to make a simple consistency check of several models. We show that the two-brane Randal...

A mathematical model is used to investigate the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drug Topotecan against neuroblastoma. Optimal control theory is applied to minimize the tumor volume and the amount of drug utilized. The model incorporates a state constraint that requires the level of circulating neutrophils (white blood cells that form an integral part of the immune system) to remain above an a...

Important gaps remain in our understanding of the thermodynamics and statistical physics of self-gravitating systems. Using mean field theory, here we investigate the equilibrium properties of several spherically symmetric model systems confined in a finite domain consisting of either point masses or rotating mass shells of different dimension. We establish a direct connection between the spher...

In this paper a new sliding mode control algorithm for the third order uncertain, nonlinear and time-varying dynamic system subject to unknown disturbance and input constraint is proposed. The algorithm employs a time-varying switching plane. At the initial time t = t0, the plane passes through the point determined by the system initial conditions in the error state space. Afterwards, the plane...

The spatial gradient expansion of the generating functional was recently developed by Parry, Salopek, and Stewart to solve the Hamiltonian constraint in EinsteinHamilton-Jacobi theory for gravitationally interacting dust and scalar fields. I use the spatial gradient expansion to derive an order-by-order solution of the Hamiltonian constraint for gravitationally interacting electromagnetic and s...

A higher order sliding fuzzy type-2 controller scheme for an nth order multi-input multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear uncertain perturbed systems is proposed in the paper. To overcome the constraint on the knowledge of the system model, local models related to some operating points were used to synthesize a nominal fuzzy type-2 global model. The controller uses integral sliding mode concept and cont...