Localized fragmentation is an important phenomenon associated with the formation of shear bands and faults in granular media. It can be studied by empirical observation, by laboratory experiment, or by numerical simulation. Here we investigate the spatial structure and statistics of fragmentation using discrete element simulations of the strain-controlled uniaxial compression of cylindrical sam...

Intriguing mal-operations and fail-to-trip of the differential protection of the converter transformer in the HVDC system are reported. In this paper, the mechanism of these abnormal operation behaviors is analyzed. By virtue of deliberately designed models of the converter transformer and the HVDC transmission system, a variety of simulation tests are carried out and above mentioned strange op...

Strain patterns within the forearc at a convergent margin adjacent to a passing fault-fault-trench triple junction show a systematic evolution. We describe late Neogene and Quaternary deformation in northern coastal California in the last 3 m.y. associated with the migration of the Mendocino triple junction. Deformation in the North American forearc near Humbolt Bay consists of a 30-km-wide zon...

This paper presents an algorithm for adaptive determination of the dead timeduring transient arcing faults and blocking automatic reclosing during permanent faults onoverhead transmission lines. The discrimination between transient and permanent faults ismade by the zero sequence voltage measured at the relay point. If the fault is recognised asan arcing one, then the third harmonic of the zero...

determining the promising area for ore deposits is one of the most important steps of prospecting in regional scales. there are many different methods for identifying these areas including geochemical and geophysical methods, remote sensing and sophisticated statistical methods. based on the theory of spatial relations between the dispersion pattern of ore deposits and metallogenic provinces, m...

The MMC based DC grids are an effective solution to integrate bulk wind power. Under faults, the power is continuously fed into grids, resulting in large fault currents. To guarantee uninterrupted and safe operation of healthy parts, faults should be detected isolated selectively. Most existing detection schemes rely on current-limiting reactors (CLR) high selectivity. reliability them will det...

Superimposed current components contain effective information, which can be employed to enhance the dependability and security of busbar protection relays. This study aims investigate use slope degree grey incidence analysis model design a methodology for protection. A grey-based criterion has been established inspect similarities superimposed currents measured by nearby CTs inside zone. It is ...

[1] Sandbox models of accretionary wedges have demonstrated that fault systems grow episodically via cycles of alternating wedge thickening, which is accommodated by slip along faults within the wedge (underthrusting), and wedge lengthening, which is accommodated by growth of new faults at the wedge toe (accretion). The transition between these two modes of deformation is controlled by the inte...

The detection of faults in a dynamic system can help to avoid severe damage where system reliability and safety are essential. An induction motor can fail either due to internal faults such as short circuit of motor leads; broken rotor bar and cracked rotor end rings or by external faults such as phase failure, asymmetry of main supply and mechanical overload (Karami et al 2010). Detection and ...

Previous ultra-dependable real-time computing archi-tectures have been specialised to meet the requirements of a particular application domain. Over the last two years, a consortium of European companies and academic institutions has been investigating the design and development of a Generic Upgrad-able Architecture for Real-time Dependable Systems (GUARDS). The architecture aims to be tolerant...